Predictive effect of somatotype cognitive deviation on dieting tendency in female college students

Abstract

Objective BMI-based Silhouette Matching Test was used to quantify body image perception and expectation perception of female college students, and to investigate the predictive effect of body image perception deviation on dieting tendency. so as to provide evidence for further intervention measures.

Methods A total of 579 female college students from 5 classes in two normal universities in Chongqing were conveniently sampled, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among the female college students. Multivariate stepwise regression was used to analyze the predictors of dieting tendency.

Results About 41.62% of female college students had deviation between subjective somatotype perception and actual somatotype, and 81.69%(473) of female college students had deviation in their somatotype expectation after quantification. The degree of cognitive deviation of somatotype expectation was negatively correlated with eating behavior and positively correlated with dieting tendency ( r = −0.10, 0.36, P<0.05). Dieting tendency was positively correlated with BMI and negatively correlated with eating behavior ( r = 0.14, −0.18, P<0.05). The degree of cognitive deviation of somatotype expectation, eating behavior, BMI, eating health awareness, and grade all had predictive effects on dieting tendency. The multivariate correlation coefficient between the five predictive variables and dieting tendency was 0.43, and the determination coefficient was 0.18. The overall test value of the regression model was 4.24 ( P =0.04). The five predictive variables accounted for 18.1% of the dieting tendency, among which the most powerful was the degree of cognitive deviation in somatotype expectation, which accounted for 12.9% of the variance.

Conclusion There is a general deviation in female college students’ cognition of somatotype, mainly because they expect to be thinner. Irrational expectations of somatotype will lead to poor diet and even dieting behaviors, which will seriously affect their physical and mental health. Targeted intervention measures should be taken.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 采用体质量指数 (BMI)体象量表将女大学生对自身体型认知与期望认知进行量化并考察体型认知 偏差对节食倾向的预测作用, 为进一步提供干预措施提供依据。 方法 采取便利抽样的方式, 抽取重庆2所师范院校各5 个班共579名女大学生进行问卷调查。采用多元逐步回归的方法分析节食倾向的预测因素。 结果 41.62%的女大学生主 观体型认知与实际体型存在偏差, 量化后81.69%(473名) 的女大学生对体型期望存在偏差。体型期望认知偏差的程度与 饮食行为呈负相关, 与节食倾向呈正相关 ( r值分别为−0.10, 0.36, P值均<0.05)。节食倾向与BMI呈正相关, 与饮食行为 呈负相关( r值分别为0.14, −0.18, P值均<0.01)。体型期望认知偏差程度、饮食行为、BMI、饮食健康意识、年级对节食倾 向均有预测作用, 5个预测变量与节食倾向的多元相关系数为0.43, 决定系数为0.18, 回归模型整体检验值为4.24( P = 0.04)。5个预测变量可解释节食倾向的18.1%, 其中解释力最强的是体型期望认知偏差程度, 能够解释变异量的12.9%。 结论 女大学生对自身的体型认知普遍存在偏差, 主要是期望更瘦。对自身体型不理性的期望会导致采取不良饮食甚至 节食的行为, 严重影响身心的健康。