Response of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors to Changes in Body Fat during Diet-Induced Weight Reduction in Japanese Obese Men: A Pilot Study

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Objective: Serial measurements were used to examine the response of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors to regional fat changes during weight reduction. Methods: Nine Japanese obese men participated in a diet-induced weight loss program. Regional fat masses, abdominal visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and CHD risk factors, including total (TC), high (HDLC)- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose, immunoreactive insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were assessed at baseline and after 1, 2 and 3 months. Results: Meanweight reduction during the study was –11.9 ± 4.2 kg, which was associated with a gradual, significant decrease (p < 0.05) in arm, leg and trunk fat masses, VFA and SFA. The levels of TC, LDLC and TG decreased significantly within 1 month and remained at these values, whereas HDLC, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c did not change. There was no significant correlation between changes in regional fat masses and CHD risk factors in any period studied. Conclusions: CHD risk factors do not necessarily respond in the same manner as changes in body fat during diet-induced moderate weight reduction.

Related collections

Most cited references 14

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Association of overweight with increased risk of coronary heart disease partly independent of blood pressure and cholesterol levels: a meta-analysis of 21 cohort studies including more than 300 000 persons.

Bjørn Heine Strand, Paul Knekt, Rik P Bogers … (2007)

The extent to which moderate overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25.0-29.9 [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared]) and obesity (BMI, >/= 30.0) are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) through adverse effects on blood pressure and cholesterol levels is unclear, as is the risk of CHD that remains after these mediating effects are considered. Relative risks (RRs) of CHD associated with moderate overweight and obesity with and without adjustment for blood pressure and cholesterol concentrations were calculated by the members of a collaboration of prospective cohort studies of healthy, mainly white persons and pooled by means of random-effects models (RRs for categories of BMI in 14 cohorts and for continuous BMI in 21 cohorts; total N = 302 296). A total of 18 000 CHD events occurred during follow-up. The age-, sex-, physical activity-, and smoking-adjusted RRs (95% confidence intervals) for moderate overweight and obesity compared with normal weight were 1.32 (1.24-1.40) and 1.81 (1.56-2.10), respectively. Additional adjustment for blood pressure and cholesterol levels reduced the RR to 1.17 (1.11-1.23) for moderate overweight and to 1.49 (1.32-1.67) for obesity. The RR associated with a 5-unit BMI increment was 1.29 (1.22-1.35) before and 1.16 (1.11-1.21) after adjustment for blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Adverse effects of overweight on blood pressure and cholesterol levels could account for about 45% of the increased risk of CHD. Even for moderate overweight, there is a significant increased risk of CHD independent of these traditional risk factors, although confounding (eg, by dietary factors) cannot be completely ruled out.

0 comments Cited 166 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The metabolic syndrome and adipocytokines.

Yuji Matsuzawa (2006)

Visceral fat accumulation has been shown to play crucial roles in the development of cardiovascular disease as well as the development of obesity-related disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hypertension and the so-called metabolic syndrome. Given these clinical findings, adipocytes functions have been intensively investigated in the past 10 years, and have been revealed to act as endocrine cells that have been termed adipocytokines, which secrete various bioactive substances. Among adipocytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and heparin binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor are produced in adipocytes as well as other organs, and may contribute to the development of vascular diseases. Visfatin has been identified as a visceral-fat-specific protein that might be involved in the development of obesity-related diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. On the contrary to these adipocytokines, adiponectin, an adipose-tissue-specific, collagen-like protein, has been noted as an important antiatherogenic and antidiabetic protein, or as an anti-inflammatory protein. The functions of adipocytokine secretion might be regulated dynamically by nutritional state. Visceral fat accumulation causes dysregulation of adipocyte functions, including oversecretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and heparin binding epidermal growth factor-like growth and hyposecretion of adiponectin, which results in the development of a variety of metabolic and circulatory diseases. In this review, the importance of adipocytokines, especially focusing on adiponectin is discussed with respect to cardiovascular diseases.

0 comments Cited 105 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Visceral obesity in men. Associations with glucose tolerance, plasma insulin, and lipoprotein levels.

D Prud'Homme, C Bouchard, S Moorjani … (1992)

The relations of regional adipose tissue (AT) distribution measured by computed tomography (CT) to plasma insulin-glucose homeostasis and lipoprotein-lipid levels were studied in 58 obese and 29 lean control men. In the group of obese men, the visceral AT area measured by CT was positively correlated with fasting plasma triglyceride and insulin levels and with glucose and insulin areas under the curves measured during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Visceral AT area was also negatively associated with plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and HDL2 cholesterol levels. The relative accumulation of abdominal fat, estimated by the ratio of abdominal to femoral AT areas obtained by CT, was also a significant correlate of indices of carbohydrate metabolism and was the best univariate correlate of plasma lipoprotein levels. No significant associations were observed between the visceral AT area, the ratio of abdominal to femoral AT areas, and indices of carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism in the group of lean men. On the other hand, the subcutaneous abdominal AT area was a significant correlate of the glucose area under the curve in both groups of men, but this association was not independent from the percentage of total body fat. No relationship was observed between the femoral AT area and indices of carbohydrate metabolism in either lean or obese groups. In obese men, however, the femoral AT area was negatively correlated with plasma triglyceride concentration and positively correlated with plasma HDL and HDL2 cholesterol levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

0 comments Cited 94 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): ANM

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ann Nutr Metab

Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0250-6807

Title: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism

Publisher: S. Karger AG

ISSN (Print): 0250-6807

ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9697

Publication date Subscription-year: 2010

Publication date (Print): February 2010

Publication date (Electronic): 27 November 2009

Volume: 56

Issue: 1

Pages: 1-8

Affiliations

^aHealth Promotion and Exercise Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, ^bGraduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, ^cFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, and ^dFaculty of Education, Kogakkan University, Mie, Japan

Article

Publisher ID: 261897 Other ID: Ann Nutr Metab 2010;56:1–8

DOI: 10.1159/000261897

PubMed ID: 19940470

SO-VID: 42c258c7-2c74-4d7d-8f88-e1e4e028fab5

License:

Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

History

Date received : 27 November 2008

Date accepted : 25 September 2009

Page count

Figures: 3, Tables: 3, References: 30, Pages: 8

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 2

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 357

See all reference authors

Response of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors to Changes in Body Fat during Diet-Induced Weight Reduction in Japanese Obese Men: A Pilot Study

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Karger: Nutrition and Dietetics

Most cited references 14

Association of overweight with increased risk of coronary heart disease partly independent of blood pressure and cholesterol levels: a meta-analysis of 21 cohort studies including more than 300 000 persons.

The metabolic syndrome and adipocytokines.

Visceral obesity in men. Associations with glucose tolerance, plasma insulin, and lipoprotein levels.

Author and article information

Journal

Affiliations

Article

History

Page count

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 118

Cited by 2

Most referenced authors 357