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      Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ): Evidence of Construct Validity and Internal Consistency Translated title: Questionário de Regulação Emocional (QRE): Evidências de Validade de Construto e Consistência Interna Translated title: Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional (CRE): Evidencias de Validez de Constructo y Consistencia Interna

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          Abstract

          Abstract Gather evidence of construct and convergent validity and internal consistency of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). A total of 441 students, mostly female (54.6%), with a mean age of 16 years (SD = 1.14), answered the ERQ and demographic questions. They were randomly distributed in two databases, which were submitted to exploratory (sample 1) and confirmatory factor analysis (sample 2). The exploratory results indicated a three-factor structure: Cognitive Reappraisal, Redirection of Attentional Focus and Emotional Suppression, which together explained 59.3% of the total variance (α = 0,67; α = 0,63; α = 0,64). For the confirmatory analyses, the following goodness-of-fit indices were found: χ² (24) = 67.02, p <0.001; χ² / df = 2.79, GFI = 0.93; AGFI = 0.88; CFI = 0.88 and RMSEA = 0.08 (IC 90% = 0.064-0.100). Thus, it is concluded that the ERQ possesses satisfactory psychometric indices, being the promising instrument for evaluation of emotion regulation.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Verificar evidências de validade de construto, validade convergente e consistência interna do Questionário de Regulação Emocional (QRE). Participaram 441 estudantes, a maioria do sexo feminino (54,6%), com idade média de 16 anos (DP = 1,14), respondendo ao QRE e dados sociodemográficos. Distribuíram-se aleatoriamente em dois bancos de dados, nos quais foram submetidos à análise fatorial exploratória (amostra 1) e confirmatória (amostra 2). Os resultados exploratórios apontaram uma estrutura trifatorial: Reavaliação Cognitiva, Redirecionamento do foco de atenção e Supressão Emocional, que explicaram conjuntamente 59,3% da variância total (α= 0,67; α =0,63; α= 0,64). Nas análises confirmatórias, foram encontrados os respectivos índices de bondade de ajuste: χ²(24) = 67,02, p < 0,001; χ²/gl = 2,79, GFI = 0,93; AGFI = 0,88; CFI = 0,88 e RMSEA = 0,08 (IC90% = 0,064 - 0,014). Desse modo, conclui-se que o QRE possui índices psicométricos satisfatórios, sendo um instrumento promissor para avaliação da regulação emocional.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar evidencias de validez de constructo, validez convergente y consistencia interna del Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional (CRE). Participaron 441 estudiantes, en su mayoría de sexo femenino (54,6%) con edad promedio de 16 años (DE = 1,14), que respondieron el CRE y datos sociodemográficos. Ellos fueron distribuídos aleatoriamente en dos bancos de datos en los cuales fueron sometidos a análisis factorial exploratorio (muestra 1) y confirmatorio (muestra 2). Los resultados exploratorios señalaron una estructura trifactorial: Reevaluación Cognitiva, Redireccionamiento de foco de Atención y Supresión Emocional, que en conjunto explicaron 59,3% de la varianza total (α= 0,67; α =0,63; α= 0,64). En los análisis confirmatorios, se encontraron respectivamente los índices de bondad de ajuste: χ²(24) = 67,02, p < 0,001; χ²/gl = 2,79, GFI = 0,93; AGFI = 0,88; CFI = 0,88 e RMSEA = 0,08 (IC90% = 0,064 - 0,014). Por lo tanto, se concluye que el CRE posee índices psicométricos satisfactorios, siendo un instrumento prometedor para evaluar la regulación emocional.

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          Uso da análise fatorial exploratória em psicologia

          A análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) é um conjunto de técnicas estatísticas amplamente utilizadas nas pesquisas em Psicologia. Durante sua execução, diversas decisões precisam ser tomadas a fim de se obter uma estrutura fatorial adequada. O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir alguns dos principais aspectos desta técnica, apresentando estudos atualizados sobre o tema. Diferenças entre análise fatorial exploratória e análise de componentes principais, retenção e rotação fatorial, tamanho da amostra ideal, importância da variância explicada e a confiabilidade da solução fatorial são alguns dos tópicos discutidos. Aponta-se para o fato de que todas as decisões a serem tomadas durante a execução de uma análise fatorial exploratória não podem ser arbitrárias e subjetivas, mas devem ser pautadas em critérios teóricos e metodológicos claros. Este estudo pretende auxiliar pesquisadores da área da Psicologia a realizarem AFEs com maior discernimento teórico e metodológico.
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            Emotion regulation and vulnerability to depression: spontaneous versus instructed use of emotion suppression and reappraisal.

            Emotion dysregulation has long been thought to be a vulnerability factor for mood disorders. However, there have been few empirical tests of this idea. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that depression vulnerability is related to difficulties with emotion regulation by comparing recovered-depressed and never-depressed participants (N = 73). In the first phase, participants completed questionnaires assessing their typical use of emotion regulation strategies. In the second phase, sad mood was induced using a film clip, and the degree to which participants reported to have spontaneously used suppression versus reappraisal to regulate their emotions was assessed. In the third phase, participants received either suppression or reappraisal instructions prior to watching a second sadness-inducing film. As predicted, suppression was found to be ineffective for down-regulating negative emotions, and recovered-depressed participants reported to have spontaneously used this strategy during the first sadness-inducing film more often than controls. However, the groups did not differ regarding the effects of induced suppression versus reappraisal on negative mood. These results provide evidence for a role for spontaneous but not instructed emotion regulation in depression vulnerability. Copyright 2010 APA
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              A Spanish Adaptation of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire

              The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ; Gross & John, 2003 ) is widely used to assess individual differences in reappraisal and suppression. The present study tests the psychometric properties, reliability, and validity of a Spanish adaptation of the ERQ on a broad sample of participants of Spanish nationality aged 18–80 years (38% males, 62% females). Results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed the expected two-factor structure. Results also indicated adequate internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. In terms of affective functioning, reappraisal use was positively associated with positive emotion, whereas suppression use was negatively associated with positive emotion. In terms of social functioning, reappraisal use was positively associated with social functioning, whereas suppression use was negatively associated with social functioning. These findings suggest that the Spanish version of the ERQ is a valid instrument for evaluating strategies of emotion regulation in the Spanish-speaking population, and can be used for laboratory and applied studies.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pusf
                Psico-USF
                Psico-USF
                Universidade de São Francisco, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Psicologia (Campinas, SP, Brazil )
                2175-3563
                July 2018
                : 23
                : 3
                : 461-471
                Affiliations
                [1] João Pessoa orgnameUniversidade Federal da Paraíba Brazil
                [2] Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Campinas Brazil
                Article
                S1413-82712018000300461
                10.1590/1413-82712018230306
                42e1b696-dd6b-4fc5-b605-da1e796028fc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 June 2017
                : 20 February 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                validade de construto,regulação emocional,habilidade socioemocional,medida,consistencia interna,social-emotional ability,emotion regulation,validez de constructo,habilidad socio-emocional,construct validity,regulación emocional,internal consistency,consistência interna,measure

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