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      Desigualdades en salud mental: los ingresos por psicosis en hospitales públicos de la Comunitat Valenciana (2008-2015) Translated title: Inequities in mental health: admissions for psychosis in public hospitals of the Comunitat Valenciana (2008-2015)

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          RESUMEN

          Fundamentos:

          La prevalencia de problemas de salud mental está aumentando en todo el mundo. Ciertos grupos poblacionales tienen mayor probabilidad de padecer trastornos mentales, generando desigualdades en salud. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias en la frecuencia de ingresos por psicosis según diferentes dimensiones de desigualdad (edad, sexo y país de nacimiento) de la población entre 15 y 49 años en los años 2008- 2015 en la Comunitat Valenciana.

          Métodos:

          Estudio transversal basado en los ingresos hospitalarios por el Grupo Relacionado por el Diagnóstico “Psicosis” en centros públicos de la Comunitat Valenciana. Las fuentes de información fueron el Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos y el Sistema de Información Poblacional. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de variables clínicas y sociodemográficas y se analizaron diferencias por subgrupos poblacionales mediante el test t- Student para la comparación de una variable cuantitativa y el test χ 2 para la comparación de una variable cualitativa, así como el test exacto de Wilcoxon y el test de Fisher cuando no se cumplían condiciones de aplicación.

          Resultados:

          Se estudiaron 23.869 ingresos por psicosis generados por un total de 11.265 personas. La mayoría fueron debidos a trastornos esquizofrénicos (39,44%). Se observaron diferencias en cuanto al diagnóstico al comparar por sexo, siendo más frecuente en mujeres los trastornos episódicos del humor (39,3%) y por país de nacimiento, siendo el diagnóstico principal de “Otras psicosis no orgánicas” el más frecuente en las personas extranjeras (40,5%). Se encontraron diferencias respecto a la mortalidad durante el ingreso, siendo más alta en hombres (5,1% vs. 4%) y en población extranjera (5,3% vs. 3,8%).

          Conclusiones:

          Se han detectado desigualdades en las frecuencias de ingresos por psicosis en la Comunitat Valenciana. Estas diferencias se observan en torno a distintas dimensiones como son la edad, el género y el país de origen.

          ABSTRACT

          Background:

          The prevalence of mental health problems is increasing throughout the world. Certain population groups have more probability to suffer mental disorders, which may generate inequities in health. The main of this paper is analyze the differences in the frecuency of hospital admissions according to different inequities dimensions (age, sex and country of birth) of the populaion between 15 and 49 years old between 2008 and 2015 in the Comunitat Valenciana (Spain).

          Methods:

          Transversal study based on all admissions for Diagnosis-related group “Psychosis” in public centers in the Comunitat Valenciana. Sources of information were Minimum Basic Data Set and Population Information System. Descriptive analysis of clinical and social variables was conducted, and differences among subgroups were analyzed by t-Student test for the comparison of a quantitative variable and χ 2 test for the comparison of a qualitative variable, as well as the exact Wilcoxon and the Fisher test when application conditions were not satisfied.

          Results:

          There were studied 23869 admissions for psychosis generated by 11265 patients. Most of these admissions were because of schizophrenia disorders (39.44%). When comparing by sex, differences in diagnosis were observed, being more frequent psychotic mood disorders in women (39.3%). There also observed differences when comparing by country of birth, being more frequent “Other non-organic psychosis” in foreign people (40.5%). Differences were found regarding mortality during admission, being higher in men (5.1% vs. 4%) and in foreign people (5.3% vs. 3.8%).

          Conclusions:

          There have been detected inequities in the frequency of psychosis admissions in the Comunitat Valenciana. These differences are observed around different dimensions such as age, gender and country of origin.

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          Most cited references38

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          Mortality in mental disorders and global disease burden implications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

          Despite the potential importance of understanding excess mortality among people with mental disorders, no comprehensive meta-analyses have been conducted quantifying mortality across mental disorders.
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            • Article: not found

            The role of masculinity in men's help-seeking for depression: A systematic review.

            Conformity to traditional masculine gender norms may deter men's help-seeking and/or impact the services men engage. Despite proliferating research, current evidence has not been evaluated systematically. This review summarises findings related to the role of masculinity on men's help-seeking for depression.
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              • Article: not found

              Association of Mental Disorders With Subsequent Chronic Physical Conditions: World Mental Health Surveys From 17 Countries.

              It is clear that mental disorders in treatment settings are associated with a higher incidence of chronic physical conditions, but whether this is true of mental disorders in the community, and how generalized (across a range of physical health outcomes) these associations are, is less clear. This information has important implications for mental health care and the primary prevention of chronic physical disease.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Esp Salud Publica
                Rev Esp Salud Publica
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar social
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                12 November 2018
                Jan-Dec 2018
                : 92
                : e201811081
                Affiliations
                [1 ] originalFISABIO-Salud Pública. Área de Ambiente y Salud. Generalitat Valenciana. Valencia. España. orgdiv2FISABIO-Salud Pública orgdiv1Área de Ambiente y Salud orgnameGeneralitat Valenciana Valencia España
                [2 ] originalDirección General de Salud Pública/FISABIO. Área de Desigualdades en Salud. Generalitat Valenciana. Valencia. España. orgdiv2Dirección General de Salud Pública/FISABIO orgdiv1Área de Desigualdades en Salud orgnameGeneralitat Valenciana Valencia España
                [3 ] originalCIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Madrid. España. orgnameCIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid España
                Author notes
                Correspondencia: Raquel Soler-Blasco FISABIO-Salud Pública Avda. de Catalunya, 21 46020, Valencia soler_raqbla@ 123456gva.es

                Los autores declaran que no existen conflictos de intereses

                Article
                e201811081
                11587381
                30401795
                435ffdf1-7032-4d83-86fc-9adbbee11545

                This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. You are free to Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) under the following terms: Attribution (You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use); NonCommercial (You may not use the material for commercial purposes); NoDerivatives (If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material); No additional restrictions (You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits).

                History
                : 30 July 2018
                : 29 August 2018
                : 12 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 1
                Categories
                Original

                trastornos mentales,trastornos psicóticos,disparidades en el estado de salud,determinantes sociales de la salud,mental disorders,psychotic disorders,health status disparities,social determinants of health

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