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      Prostatectomía radical asistida por robot da Vinci: experiencia inicial en 50 casos consecutivos Translated title: Da Vinci robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: initial experience in 50 consecutive cases

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Comunicar nuestra experiencia inicial en 50 casos de Prostatectomía Radical Robótica (PRR), evaluando resultados y curva de aprendizaje. Material y Métodos: Desde enero a octubre de 2010 se realizaron 50 PRR con el sistema da Vinci S-HD®. La base de datos fue confeccionada en forma prospectiva y se evaluaron en forma retrospectiva los datos demográficos (edad, índice de masa corporal), estadio clínico, valor de Antígeno Prostático Específico (APE), Score de Gleason, ASA, tiempos quirúrgicos, sangrado estimado, complicaciones, estadía hospitalaria, tiempo de sonda vesical y tasa de márgenes positivos. Se realizó un análisis estadístico de regresión exponencial para estimar la curva de aprendizaje del método. Resultados: La edad media fue de 62 años y el estadio clínico más frecuente fue el T1c (84%). El valor medio de APE fue de 6,36 ng/mL. El score de Gleason en un 50% correspondió al 7 y la media del ASA a 2. La mediana del tiempo quirúrgico fue de 199 minutos. El sangrado medio estimado fue de 666 mL (50-4.000 mL). La media de la estadía hospitalaria y el tiempo de sonda fueron de 2 y 6 días, respectivamente. Hubo 2 conversiones a cirugía laparoscópica, ninguna a cirugía abierta y un 8% de complicaciones postoperatorias (todas Clavien 1). La tasa de continencia y de potencia inmediata fue de 88,3% y 33,3%, respectivamente. Cuando comparamos los 25 casos iniciales versus los 25 finales hubo un descenso significativo en el tiempo quirúrgico y sangrado estimado (254 minutos vs 189 minutos y 876 mL vs 467 mL, respectivamente). También encontramos una menor tasa de márgenes positivos en el grupo 2 (12% vs 20%). El análisis estadístico determinó la curva de aprendizaje en 40 procedimientos. Conclusión: Una mayor experiencia del cirujano, determina una disminución en los tiempos quirúrgicos, sangrado intraoperatorio y sobre todo en la tasa de márgenes positivos.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To report our initial experience in 50 cases submitted to a Robotic Radical Prostatectomy (RRP), evaluating results and the learning curve. Material and Methods: From january to october 2010 we performed 50 consecutives cases of RRP with the da Vinci S-HD Surgical System®. The database was performed prospectively, and was analyzed retrospectively. We evaluate demographic data (age, body mass index) and perioperative data such as clinical stage, preoperative PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen), Gleason Score, ASA, operative times, estimated blood loss, morbidity, hospital stay, time of bladder catheterization and positive margins. A statistical analysis of exponential regression was performed to estimate the learning curve. Results: The mean age was 62 years and the most frequent clinical stage was T1c (84%). The mean PSA was 6.36 ng/mL and in 50% of the patients the Gleason Score was 7. The median surgical time was 199 minutes. The mean blood loss was 666 mL (50-4.000 mL). The hospital stay and the average bladder catheterization time were 2 and 6 days, respectively. There were 2 conversions to a laparoscopic approach, none to open surgery, and 8% of postoperative complication (all Clavien 1). Inmediat urinary continence and potency rates were 88.3% and 33.3%, respectively. When comparing the 25 initial cases versus the last 25, there was a decrease in surgical time and estimated blood loss (254 minutes vs 189 minutes and 876 mL vs 467 mL, respectively). We also found a lower rate of positive margins (20% vs 12%). The learning curve statistically estimated is 40 procedures. Conclusion: The surgeon's experience determine a decrease in surgical time, intraoperative bleeding and especially in the rate of positive margins.

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          Most cited references38

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          The international index of erectile function (IIEF): a multidimensional scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction

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            Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in early prostate cancer.

            In 2002, we reported the initial results of a trial comparing radical prostatectomy with watchful waiting in the management of early prostate cancer. After three more years of follow-up, we report estimated 10-year results. From October 1989 through February 1999, 695 men with early prostate cancer (mean age, 64.7 years) were randomly assigned to radical prostatectomy (347 men) or watchful waiting (348 men). The follow-up was complete through 2003, with blinded evaluation of the causes of death. The primary end point was death due to prostate cancer; the secondary end points were death from any cause, metastasis, and local progression. During a median of 8.2 years of follow-up, 83 men in the surgery group and 106 men in the watchful-waiting group died (P=0.04). In 30 of the 347 men assigned to surgery (8.6 percent) and 50 of the 348 men assigned to watchful waiting (14.4 percent), death was due to prostate cancer. The difference in the cumulative incidence of death due to prostate cancer increased from 2.0 percentage points after 5 years to 5.3 percentage points after 10 years, for a relative risk of 0.56 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.36 to 0.88; P=0.01 by Gray's test). For distant metastasis, the corresponding increase was from 1.7 to 10.2 percentage points, for a relative risk in the surgery group of 0.60 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.42 to 0.86; P=0.004 by Gray's test), and for local progression, the increase was from 19.1 to 25.1 percentage points, for a relative risk of 0.33 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.25 to 0.44; P<0.001 by Gray's test). Radical prostatectomy reduces disease-specific mortality, overall mortality, and the risks of metastasis and local progression. The absolute reduction in the risk of death after 10 years is small, but the reductions in the risks of metastasis and local tumor progression are substantial. Copyright 2005 Massachusetts Medical Society.
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              Robotically-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchcir
                Revista chilena de cirugía
                Rev Chil Cir
                Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-4026
                December 2011
                : 63
                : 6
                : 609-616
                Affiliations
                [03] Santiago orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile
                [01] Santiago orgnameClínica Indisa orgdiv1Departamento de Urología y Centro de Cirugía Robótica Chile
                [02] Santiago orgnameUniversidad Andrés Bello orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile
                Article
                S0718-40262011000600011 S0718-4026(11)06300600011
                10.4067/S0718-40262011000600011
                437864ad-1c21-4a19-9571-a86992fa14fa

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 June 2011
                : 23 February 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN

                radical prostatectomy,robotic surgery,Prostatic neoplasms,cáncer de próstata,prostatectomía radical,prostate cancer,Neoplasias prostáticas,cirugía robótica

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