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      eCAM: Moving Forward

      editorial
      Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM
      Oxford University Press

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          Abstract

          In any endeavor, there may be highs and lows and usually mixes. Strengths are needed and summoned in a way to assuage the difficulties. We have enjoyed an auspicious beginning. Volume 4 has enjoyed a good year, continuous exposure to international audiences, enthusiasm expressed by authors and observers and most importantly the publication of our first Supplement devoted to the Vinci Symposium (1). In fact that was only one of the several gatherings devoted exclusively to eCAM. This is the last issue of 2007 and it seems appropriate to inform our readers of a few efforts to increase their visibility of eCAM. Thus I have been able to attend the following meetings, as invited speaker, or member of organizing committees. Here is a partial list for your perusal: The 4th International Conference of the Society for Integrative Oncology: 15–17 November 2007, San Francisco, CA, USA, (http://www.integrativeonc.org/); The World Summit for Harmonization of Traditional, Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 7–11 November 2007, Lima, Peru (http://www.cmp.org.pe/); European Traditional Medicine – International Conference, 5–6 October 2007, Vinci, Italy (http://www.usl11.tos.it/etm2007/index.html); ALPHA 2007 – Age And Alternative Medicine, 31 August to 1 September 2007, Greifswald, Germany (http://www.medizin.uni-greifswald.de/intensiv/alpha2007.pdf); The First Regional Scientific Conference on Traditional Arabic and Islamic Medicine, 8–10 August 2007, Amman, Jordan (http://www.arabic-islamic-medicine.com/); VII International Conference on Biotherapy, 21–24 June 2007, Seoul, Korea (http://www.icb2007.org/main/index.php?page=home). On another positive note to this year, it is a pleasure to acknowledge the publication of two books: Giarelli, Guido, Paolo Roberti di Sarsina, Bruno Silvestrini (a cura di) Edwin L. Cooper Prefazione; Amedeo Bianco, Postfazione. Le Medicine Non-Convenzionali in Italia, Franco Angeli, 2007, 412 pages (2); Paolo Marandola and Francesco Marotta con il contributo di Woo Chul Moon; Prefazione di Umberto Veronesi. Il Manifesto Dela Lunga Vita. Sperling and Kupfer, 2007, 533 pages (3). Nearly 100 authors included papers on aging by Edwin L. Cooper and Shinji Kasahara, as well as Francesco Marotta. The paper by Emilio Minelli deals specifically with Complementary Medicine. For another high note, we are now coming to the end of the current contract with ISMET in Spain for an online excerpted Spanish language edition of eCAM, and also renewing the contract with ISMET for 2 years. I confirmed that ISMET have translated 16 articles during the last 12-month period, and expect to translate a maximum of 20 articles per year over the next 2 years. The Spanish language edition of selected papers is available at the open-access journal website, Digitalis, http://www.e-digitalis.com. I consider this a major contribution due to the extensive use of the Spanish language. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the efforts of Professor Lonnie Zeltzer, MD, Member of the Editorial Board, who has worked with diligence to put together several papers that concentrate on the subject of Yoga, clearly recognized as a vital component of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Integrative Medicine and of course eCAM. A brief definition seems appropriate to set the tone for reading. Yoga originates from a Sanskrit word that means yoke or union in ancient India. It is one of the longest surviving philosophical systems in the world as old as 5000 years. According to some estimates, artifacts detailing yoga postures have been found in India dating back to over 3000 B.C. Yoga is traditionally a method joining the individual self with the Divine, Universal Spirit, or Cosmic Consciousness. There are physical and mental exercises designed to help achieve this goal, often referred to as self-transcendence or enlightenment. On the physical level, yoga postures (called asanas in Sanskrit) are designed to tone, strengthen and align the body. These postures are performed in a way that the spine may become supple and healthy. This also promotes blood flow to all organs, glands and tissues, thus promoting and maintaining healthy bodily systems. On the mental level, breathing techniques (pranayama) and meditation (dyana) that are designed to quieten, clarify and discipline the mind are used in Yoga. According to experts, Yoga is not a religion but a way of living aimed at aiding health and peace of mind. These are the laudable and pleasant outcomes of Yoga. Now for those that are not so pleasant. We had expected an impact factor all along and even there were predictions of an impact factor (4). Unfortunately, in June eCAM did not receive an impact factor for 2006. After direct contact with ISI, it has been found that ISI had not indexed the first volume of eCAM, which means that there was not enough information for an impact factor to be calculated. Copies of volume 1 have now been sent again to ISI, and it is hoped that an impact factor will be calculated retrospectively. With the disappointment a resolution shall appear in volume 5. Recently we received the disappointing news that our Founding International Administrator, Patty Willis would resign. She has written to the Editorial Board regarding this, and some members have expressed surprise and sorrow, vowing to do all to reinstate her. We will miss Patty extremely because of her dedication, strength, intelligence and commitment to eCAM. Our friendship remains and I often reminisce about our travels to distant laboratories, to meetings in foreign lands all in our joint attempts to increase the visibility of eCAM and to promote it among active CAM workers. Patty helped to edit the book Complementary and Alternative Approaches to Biomedicine (5) and indeed imprinted the book and eCAM indelibly with her wisdom and strong interest. I have extracted some lines from Patty's essay entitled Beginnings written roughly 5 years ago: ‘November 7th arrived quickly and invitees gathered from India, China, Taiwan, Europe and The United States, each feeling like an old friend after our months of correspondence. They all brought their unique histories and expertise, coming together for the first time in the conference halls in Kanazawa. Preoccupations behind the scenes kept me from attending all the meetings but when I did, what moved me most was the energy and flow of ideas. In a favorite Native American legend, the energy of the movement of a dancing rabbit generates the creation of humankind. All those who participated in the symposium provided the energy that would gain speed and evolve into a new creation, an international journal dreamed of many years ago’ (6). So Patty, it is with happiness and gratitude for all that you did. This vacuum caused by your departure has not been filled and probably will never be because of your uniqueness. With profound appreciation I salute you and wish for all good fortune to become yours! Now for news that is less sad, volume 5 promises to be somewhat unique and something that Patty and I shared in our mutually agreeable and complementary visions. TCM is more popular and often considered to be the yardstick that measures practices of integrative or holistic medicine. Determined to bridge cultural barriers, from the Pacific (Kampo, Korea) forward to penetrating the Indian subcontinent, I accepted an invitation to lecture at the 2nd Ayurvedic Congress in Pune, India in 2006. Presenting an intense writer's workshop, I contacted many students and professors and entered this often forgotten bastion of integrative medicine, Ayurveda, a multi-millennia, integrative medical practice in fact by some estimates, perhaps older than TCM. This initiative is responsible for and the inspiration for the new cover of volume 5 as well as lead papers and appointments of new members of the Editorial Board.

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          On the Road to an Impact Factor for eCAM

          Last year 2006 was indeed a fruitful year from many points of view and, mostly with respect to eCAM, attempts were made to broaden the scope of influence and to focus on what I deemed regions of eCAM strength. To that end, I spent nearly three months at the Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Bologna with Prof. Claudio Franceschi as my host—a convenient launching point that allowed interaction with eight other members of the Editorial Board in northern Italy (1). Another area that received some attention was the National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, where there is a wealth of activity especially using products from plants and animals. The Antiaging Meeting in Vienna was particularly enlightening and as with all meetings, my focus was on speaking the virtues of eCAM and thereby recruiting high-level papers. Why was the Vienna meeting unique? In contrast to other CAM/integrative conferences I have attended, the exhibitors and speakers did not center on chronic diseases but rather on a more esthetic, non-healing approach to antiaging. Another area of high activity was witnessed at the 2nd World Congress of Ayurvedic Medicine held in Pune India. I was invited to give a Writer's Workshop along with eCAM Editorial Board member, Dr Alex Hankey. After three intensive lectures on the philosophy behind eCAM and the mechanisms of publishing in it, I then worked several hours with individuals who brought in manuscripts of varying lengths and quality of writing and presentation of results. Some were ready to be peer reviewed, whereas others required substantial revisions essential for a high-quality manuscript. It was my job to view them critically and to advise on the best strategy for publishing in eCAM. The impact and enthusiasm in India was enormous and overwhelming. As a result, we have appointed seven new members to the Editorial Board. Moving from India to Japan, we had very good and promising news at the eCAM family meeting. I call this our annual gathering of OUP from Japan with Patty Willis, and Prof. Nobuo Yamaguchi. We look seriously at the past year, problems, triumphs and where we go next. We listened to several reports from Akiko Tanaka (Commissioning Editor), Miki Matoba (Deputy Director) and Dr Toyoshi Onji (Journals Director). Indeed this meeting was most pleasant, productive and extremely upbeat from several points of view. First, there was the report of an astronomical burst of submissions at midyear. Second, we are increasing the rejection rate in order to improve quality. Third, we see an increase in more clinical papers. Fourth and most importantly, there are hopeful predictions of the long-awaited impact factor, that elusive number which seems to guide authors in their choice of where to submit manuscripts. Traveling the world, I even hear stories of universities that reward their faculty monetarily for publications in the high impact factor journals. Yet, seeing ‘impact factor’ from the other side of receiving manuscripts, my decades in science and the world of publishing urge prudence. Just as politicians lose their integrity by making decisions solely based on polling their constituencies, eCAM must continue to choose articles based on their intrinsic worth rather than their ability to attract references. In six or seven months, we will see if those directions have serendipitously shared common ground. According to Toyosho Onji, eCAM appears to be ‘nicely chaotic’! Contrary to what may appear at first glance to be derogatory, my vision of eCAM's publications appears just as Onji puts it, as chaotic, but nicely! Chaotic of course is a word form of chaos. So what does it mean and imply for the appearance, inclusions and thrusts in eCAM? Chaos means disorder and its synonyms are: confusion, bedlam, anarchy, pandemonium, commotion, disarray, turmoil, madness, mess and unruliness! Of course the antonym for this is order, which means neat, tidy, just to name a couple of similar meanings. Now we ask the question, is there a sense of order to eCAM? Or is eCAM nicely chaotic? By any way that we may interpret Onji's compliment in using the word chaotic, the vision for eCAM and what we have done in its publications, eCAM encompasses some of the meanings of chaos. In the common lexicon of CAM, one of eCAM's efforts would hardly conjure bioprospecting, to use an oft-quoted example, yet this has been a major thrust for eCAM. In a few words, this course has been an attempt to redirect the invertebrate immunologist's past understanding of the invertebrate's immune system for its own sake (2–7) into the scope of CAM. This research focus has led to harnessing the antimicrobial peptides that invertebrates synthesize and secrete after challenge with antigens, some of which may be pathogenic, as new wave antibiotics or anticancer therapies. After all, invertebrates must be doing something right to have survived longer than most other animals including humans without pharmaceutically engineered CAM products. As we look to these animals whose survival speaks of their strength, we also encourage true scientific investigation into the crudely defined concoctions that have aided the ill in ancient cultures for thousands of years and survived in traditional medicines all over the world. The vision for eCAM is to take those concoctions and apply to them the rigorous standards of evidence base and to unravel the sometimes-confusing scheme of CAM qua TCM, Ayurveda, Kampo, Unani, etc. Of course, if we follow the rules and regulations of what is laid down by the ancient healers of these practices, there are acceptable definitions as to what the components will do to alleviate symptoms. The problem is how to translate those ancient formulas into intelligible language amenable to the rigors of evidence-based analyses. Moreover, there is the inherent and obvious need to be certain that there is equivalence of the current biomedical terminology to its western allopathic definition. That is precisely the point. Start with the early principles of TCM, Ayurveda, Kampo and then subject these ancient disciplines and practices to rigorous analysis and an experimental strategy that uses the prevailing biomedical approach to human illness. Of course, the peak of a pyramid glows with the epitome, the gold standard, randomized clinical trials. As difficult as such an approach may seem, this strategy can be approached and partial answers sought through the utility of in vitro applications and results from the analyses using a multitude of available and relevant animal models. After all, humans are related to the so-called lowly animals (some of which we revile, eat, spray with insecticides, etc.). Finishing volume 3, 2006 has been momentous. The last three years of one decade in my life were also completed ushering in for 2007 another decade and volume 4. Some members of the Editorial Board were present at my momentous birthday December 23 and were here to celebrate: our graduate student member Shinji Kasahara (University of Washington). Aristo Vojdani, Mepur Ravindranath, Michel Tournaire and one non-member speaker from the Kanazawa Symposium, Arnie Loel. Other poignant messages were sent from Editorial Board members outside: Francesco Marotta, Andrea Cossarizza, Philippe Roch, Haruhisa Wago and Taras Usichenko. The celebration even began early in November in Kanazawa Japan with a dinner hosted by our indefatigable Founding Managing Editor, Prof. Nobuo Yamaguchi, naturally accompanied by abundant Beaujolais nouveau, which always seems to arrive with our coincident OUP family meeting. Of course, I cannot forget to offer special mention of champagne and my December flower narcissus, so generously sent in absentia by dear friend and eCAM colleague Patty Willis. Chaos perhaps not, but diversity yes, witness every issue of eCAM from its inception through volume 3. We have emphasized biological approaches to CAM. After all, dealing with human problems is about life and should be inclusive of all life. That is what eCAM is about—life and knowing how it works at all levels will help us discover how to fix problems.
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            . Complementary and Alternative Approaches to Biomedicine. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

            (2004)
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              Le Medicine Non-Convenzionali in Italia

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
                ecam
                ecam
                Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM
                Oxford University Press
                1741-427X
                1741-4288
                December 2007
                : 4
                : 4
                : 399-400
                Affiliations
                Laboratory of Comparative Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1763, USA
                Author notes
                For reports and all correspondence: Edwin L. Cooper, PhD, ScD, Distinguished Professor, Laboratory of Comparative Neuroimmunology Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1763, USA. Tel: +1-310-825-9567; Fax: +1-310-825-2224; E-mail: ecam@ 123456mednet.ucla.edu
                Article
                10.1093/ecam/nem173
                2176142
                18227905
                437fdac2-59fb-406c-a165-601874e567d2
                © 2007 The Author(s)

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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                Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Complementary & Alternative medicine

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