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      Variabilidad en la asistencia hospitalaria: El caso de la cirugía nasosinusal en España Translated title: Variability in hospital care: Nasosinus surgery in Spain

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Describir las variaciones en la asistencia de las enfermedades nasosinusales entre comunidades autónomas (CCAA) y hospitales españoles. Métodos: Se analizó el Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos del Sistema Nacional de Salud de los años 1998-2000 para los diagnósticos de pólipos nasosinusales y sinusitis crónica. Se estudió la distribución por CCAA de la tasa de hospitalización y de 4 indicadores de calidad asistencial y eficiencia: estancia media, porcentajes de altas sin intervención, técnicas de cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal y complicaciones posquirúrgicas. Se realizó un análisis de conglomerados para clasificar los hospitales según los valores de dichos indicadores. Resultados: Se analizaron 13.061 altas de 263 hospitales. Se hallaron importantes diferencias en las tasas de hospitalización ajustadas por edad de diferentes CCAA. El análisis de conglomerados agrupó los centros con más de 10 altas anuales en 3 categorías: a) 32 hospitales con los 4 indicadores de calidad en mejor situación que el promedio; b) 35 hospitales con 3 de los indicadores por debajo del promedio, y c) 74 hospitales con 2 indicadores mejores y 2 indicadores peores que el promedio. Conclusiones: Hay importantes variaciones interregionales en la frecuentación de ingresos, así como en las características de la atención de las enfermedades nasosinusales en los hospitales españoles, y se han observado 3 patrones definidos de centros en función de sus indicadores de calidad y eficiencia.

          Translated abstract

          Objectives: To describe variations in the management of nasosinus disorders among the Autonomous Communities and hospitals of Spain. Methods: We analyzed the Minimum Basic Data Set of the public health system from 1998-2000 for the diagnoses of nasosinus polyps and chronic sinusitis. We studied the distribution by regions of the rate of hospitalizations and of 4 indicators of quality of care and efficiency: mean length of stay, percentage of discharges without surgery, percentage of functional endoscopic sinus surgery and surgical complications. A cluster analysis was performed to classify hospitals according to the values of these indicators. Results: We analyzed 13061 discharges from 263 hospitals. Marked differences were found in age-adjusted hospitalization rates by regions. Cluster analysis classified the centers with more than 10 annual discharges in 3 categories: a) 32 hospitals in which the 4 quality indicators were above average; b) 35 hospitals in which 3 of the indicators were below average, and c) 74 hospitals in which 2 indicators were above average and 2 indicators were below average. Conclusions: Marked interregional variations were found in hospitalization rates, as well as in the characteristics of management of nasosinus disorders in Spanish hospitals. The centers examined could be grouped into three clearly defined patterns according to indicators of quality of care and efficiency.

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          Most cited references63

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          Length of stay. How short should hospital care be?

          Reducing length of hospital stay (LOS) is a policy aim for many health care systems and is thought to indicate efficiency. A MedLine search was undertaken for articles relating to 'LOS', 'early discharge' or 'patient discharge' between 1983 and 1997 and a selective search was undertaken for material published before 1983. Routine data showed that there were variations in LOS between countries, regions and hospitals. The trends in LOS showed a decrease over time in all regions. Research consistently fails to show an adverse effect on health outcomes of reducing LOS, but there may nevertheless be an ethical or moral minimum LOS. Two recent examples illustrate this. There has been an outcry at some ultrashort stays, for example 'drive-through mastectomy' and 'lunchtime abortion' and these are discussed in the review. There are a number of reasons for the perceived lack of relationship between LOS and health outcomes. Clearly reducing days of care at the low-intensity end of a hospital stay may not necessarily affect health outcomes. There is a case to be made for tailoring care more exactly to an individual's needs by looking at the actual components of care rather than the place of care--within or outside hospital walls.
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            Is patient length of stay related to quality of care?

            In this article, we investigate the relationship between hospital length-of-stay (LOS) and quality of care. We use hospital claims records from Medicare beneficiaries in Michigan to estimate condition-specific models for predicting patients' LOSs. With these models and a data set provided by Michigan Peer Review Organization, Inc. (MPRO), each patient's risk-adjusted LOS is then linked to a quality-of-care judgment (good care, poor care) from physician peer reviewers. LOS is a widely used indicator of hospital performance. Most commonly, it is viewed as an indicator of hospital efficiency and as a surrogate measure for costs, with hospitals having long average LOSs considered relatively inefficient in the use of resources and those with low LOSs considered to be efficient. Sometimes, however, LOS is assumed to relate to quality. For example, if hospitals were to respond to the financial incentives of prospective payment by attempting to lower costs by prematurely discharging patients, LOSs significantly lower than expected might be considered indicative of poor quality care. On the other hand, if poor quality of care causes complications, it would tend to extend LOSs. Under this assumption, longer than expected LOSs could be viewed as indicative of poor quality care. This article shows that in every one of the 13 clinical conditions examined, cases that received poor quality care had significantly longer risk-adjusted LOSs than cases whose care was of acceptable quality.
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              Physician utilization: the state of research about physicians' practice patterns.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Ediciones Doyma, S.L. (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                October 2004
                : 18
                : 5 suppl 1
                : 360-365
                Affiliations
                [01] Marbella Málaga orgnameHospital Costa del Sol orgdiv1Dirección de Sistemas de Información
                [03] orgnameDistrito Sanitario Málaga
                [02] Marbella Málaga orgnameHospital Costa del Sol orgdiv1Unidad de Otorrinolaringología
                [04] Sevilla orgnameServicio Andaluz de Salud orgdiv1Servicios Centrales España
                Article
                S0213-91112004000700004 S0213-9111(04)01800500004
                10.1590/S0213-91112004000500004
                438134b2-c2a6-4fa9-ba71-e6e87e296596

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 October 2003
                : 25 May 2004
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Public Health


                Hospitalization,Hospitalización,Nasosinus surgery,Análisis de conglomerados,Variations in medical practice,Variaciones en la práctica médica,Cluster analysis,Cirugía nasosinusal

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