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      Histologic evaluation of the effect of nicotine administration on bone regeneration: a study in dogs Translated title: Avaliação histológica do efeito da nicotina sobre a regeneração óssea: estudo em cães

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          Abstract

          The objective of this study was to investigate the histometric impact of nicotine on bone regeneration of surgically created alveolar ridge defects in dogs. Sixteen mongrel dogs were used. One defect was surgically created unilaterally in the mandible, and left to heal spontaneously. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: Group 1 - control (n = 8) and Group 2 - subcutaneous nicotine administration (2 mg/kg) twice a day (n = 8). After 4 months, the animals were sacrificed and the specimens routinely processed for semi-serial decalcified sections. Bone height (BH), bone width (BW), bone density (BD), and bone area (BA) of the newly-formed bone were evaluated. Intergroup analysis (Mann-Whitney rank sum test) showed that regardless of the presence of nicotine, no significant differences were observed regarding bone width (BW), bone area (BA) and bone height (BH) (p > 0.05). On the other hand, it was demonstrated that nicotine administration significantly influenced the proportion of mineralized tissue within the limits of the newly-formed bone (BD) (p < 0.001). Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that nicotine might affect but not prevent bone healing in defects left to heal spontaneously.

          Translated abstract

          O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar histometricamente a influência da nicotina sobre a regeneração óssea de defeitos criados cirurgicamente em rebordos alveolares edêntulos de cães. Defeitos ósseos foram criados cirurgicamente em um dos lados da mandíbula de dezesseis cães e foram deixados para que curassem espontanea-mente. Os animais foram aleatoriamente designados para um dos seguintes grupos: Grupo 1 - controle (n = 8) e Grupo 2 - administração subcutânea de nicotina (2 mg/kg) duas vezes ao dia durante 4 meses (n = 8). Os animais foram sacrificados, e secções semi-seriadas descalcificadas, obtidas. Os parâmetros histométricos avaliados foram altura, largura, área e densidade do tecido ósseo neoformado. A análise intergrupos (Mann-Whitney "rank sum test") demonstrou que a administração de nicotina não influenciou altura, largura e área de tecido ósseo neoformado (p > 0,05). Entretanto, a administração de nicotina influenciou significativamente a densidade do tecido ósseo neoformado (p < 0,001). Dentro dos limites do presente estudo, pode-se concluir que a nicotina pode afetar, mas não impedir a regeneração de defeitos ósseos criados cirurgicamente em mandíbulas edêntulas de cães.

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          Most cited references23

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          Nicotine on the Revascularization of Bone Graft

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            Healing pattern of bone regeneration in membrane-protected defects: a histological study in the canine mandible

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              Effects of nicotine on bone and calciotropic hormones in growing female rats.

              Limited research in young adults and immature animals suggests a detrimental effect of tobacco on bone during growth. This study investigated the effects of nicotine, the major alkaloid component of tobacco, on calciotropic hormone concentrations and bone status in growing female rats. One-month-old animals received either saline (n = 10), nicotine at 3.0 mg/kg/day (n = 10), or nicotine at 4.5 mg/kg/day (n = 10) administered subcutaneously via osmotic minipumps for either 2 or 3 months. Sera, femora, tibiae, and lumbar vertebrae (3-5) were collected at necropsy. The concentrations of serum calcium, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and insulin-like growth factor-I were determined. Bone variables evaluated included mineral content and density (vertebrae and femora), cancellous and cortical histomorphometry (tibiae), and bone strength (vertebrae and femora). Statistically significant differences in serum mineral and hormone concentrations were not associated with nicotine dose or exposure time. No significant nicotine treatment effects were detected for bone mineral content and density, bone histomorphometry, or bone strength. We conclude that nicotine treatment for 2 or 3 months at serum concentrations in the upper range of those found in smokers has no detrimental effect on bone mass, volume, or strength in the growing rat.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bor
                Brazilian Oral Research
                Braz. oral res.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica - SBPqO (São Paulo )
                1807-3107
                December 2004
                : 18
                : 4
                : 345-349
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Brazil
                Article
                S1806-83242004000400013
                10.1590/S1806-83242004000400013
                439de48f-ee72-468b-82ce-02fc79c9e1bb

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1806-8324&lng=en
                Categories
                DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

                Dentistry
                Smoking,Nicotine,Tobacco,Bone regeneration,Tabagismo,Nicotina,Tabaco,Regeneração óssea
                Dentistry
                Smoking, Nicotine, Tobacco, Bone regeneration, Tabagismo, Nicotina, Tabaco, Regeneração óssea

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