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      Self-efficacy and adherence to treatment: the mediating effects of social support Translated title: Autoeficacia y adherencia al tratamiento: el efecto mediador del apoyo social

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          Abstract

          Abstract Treatment adherence is a key health behavior in chronic patients. This study investigates the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and adherence to treatment. The sample is composed of 202 chronic patients living in Spain. Stratified random sampling was used to select participants based on the variables age group and type of disease. As predicted, patient self-efficacy is associated with lower levels of nonadherence as well as greater perceived social support. The results show that self-efficacy has a significant direct effect and an indirect effect (through social support and satisfaction with support) on patient adherence, specifically regarding diet and exercise. This study contributes to understand the processes underlying increased levels of nonadherence to treatment in people with lower self-efficacy and less social support. The results are discussed in terms of their contribution to future intervention programs for improving adherence to treatment in chronic patient groups.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen La adherencia terapéutica es una conducta de salud esencial en los pacientes crónicos. En el presente estudio se analiza el papel del apoyo social percibido como un posible mediador en la relación entre autoeficacia percibida y la adherencia al tratamiento. La muestra está formada por 202 pacientes crónicos residentes en España. La selección de la muestra se hizo en base a un muestreo aleatorio estratificado en función de variables como el grupo de edad y tipo de enfermedad. Como se esperaba, la autoeficacia de los enfermos se relaciona con menores niveles de incumplimiento así como con una mayor percepción de apoyo social. Además, los resultados de los análisis de mediación indican que la autoeficacia tenía un efecto significativo directo, pero también indirecto (a través del apoyo social y de la satisfacción con el apoyo), sobre la adherencia de los pacientes, en concreto, en cuanto a la dieta y el ejercicio físico. El presente estudio contribuye a la comprensión de los procesos subyacentes implicados en cómo las personas con menos autoeficacia y menos apoyo social son más "incumplidores" de sus tratamientos. Finalmente, se discuten aportaciones de estos resultados para su aplicación en futuros programas de intervención para la mejora de la adherencia al tratamiento en enfermos crónicos.

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          The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations.

          In this article, we attempt to distinguish between the properties of moderator and mediator variables at a number of levels. First, we seek to make theorists and researchers aware of the importance of not using the terms moderator and mediator interchangeably by carefully elaborating, both conceptually and strategically, the many ways in which moderators and mediators differ. We then go beyond this largely pedagogical function and delineate the conceptual and strategic implications of making use of such distinctions with regard to a wide range of phenomena, including control and stress, attitudes, and personality traits. We also provide a specific compendium of analytic procedures appropriate for making the most effective use of the moderator and mediator distinction, both separately and in terms of a broader causal system that includes both moderators and mediators.
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            The Health Belief Model and Preventive Health Behavior

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              Self-efficacy pathways to childhood depression.

              This prospective research analyzed how different facets of perceived self-efficacy operate in concert within a network of sociocognitive influences in childhood depression. Perceived social and academic inefficacy contributed to concurrent and subsequent depression both directly and through their impact on academic achievement, prosocialness, and problem behaviors. In the shorter run, children were depressed over beliefs in their academic inefficacy rather than over their actual academic performances. In the longer run, the impact of a low sense of academic efficacy on depression was mediated through academic achievement, problem behavior, and prior depression. Perceived social inefficacy had a heavier impact on depression in girls than in boys in the longer term. Depression was also more strongly linked over time for girls than for boys.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jbhsi
                Journal of behavior, health & social issues (México)
                J. behav. health soc. ISSUES
                Asociación Mexicana de Comportamiento y Salud, A.C. (Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico )
                2007-0780
                2015
                : 7
                : 2
                : 19-29
                Affiliations
                [1] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Málaga orgdiv1Facultad de Psicología orgdiv2Departamento de Psicología Social, Antropología Social, Trabajo Social y Servicios Sociales Spain
                Article
                S2007-07802015000200019 S2007-0780(15)00700200019
                10.5460/jbhsi.v7.2.52889
                43b9a7a8-1ea3-4ce0-b073-7f47e2b3e60a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 April 2015
                : 30 September 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 59, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Empirical articles

                apoyo social,Self-efficacy,pacientes crónicos,social support,adherencia,Autoeficacia,adherence,chronic patients

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