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      Psychobiological responses to drug cues before and after methadone intake in heroin-dependent patients: a pilot study.

      European Neuropsychopharmacology
      Adult, Behavior, Addictive, drug therapy, etiology, psychology, Cues, Female, Heroin Dependence, physiopathology, Humans, Hydrocortisone, metabolism, Male, Methadone, administration & dosage, Middle Aged, Narcotics, Pilot Projects, Questionnaires, Saliva, drug effects

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          Abstract

          Craving and stress frequently drive compulsive heroin use. Although methadone attenuates craving, drug-conditioned stimuli can trigger craving and possibly stress arousal in heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance. This study investigated drug cue-related craving, affectivity, and cortisol reactivity in 16 methadone-maintained patients before and after daily methadone. Unexpectedly, drug cues significantly increased craving after (t[15]=-4.27, p=0.001), but not before methadone intake. Patients displayed blunted cortisol response after post-methadone drug cues (t[15]=3.05, p=0.008) suggesting dissociated craving and cortisol reactivity after methadone intake of possible clinical relevance.

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