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      Risk of child poverty and social exclusion in two Spanish regions: social and family determinants Translated title: Riesgo de pobreza infantil y exclusión social en dos regiones españolas: determinantes sociales y familiares

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          Abstract

          Abstract Objective Describe the risk of poverty and social exclusion in children aged 8-11 years from Gipuzkoa and Valencia (Spain), through AROPE (At Risk of Poverty or Social Exclusion) indicators, and evaluate their associated factors in the INMA Project (Childhood and Environment). Method Families in Gipuzkoa and Valencia (394 and 382, respectively) completed a questionnaire in 2015-2016. Low work intensity (LWI), at risk of poverty (RP) and material deprivation (MD) were estimated. AROPE consisted in meeting any of the previous sub-indicators. Socio-demographic, family and parental characteristics were considered. Frequencies, Venn's diagrams, and chi-square and Fisher tests were used in bivariate analysis and logistic regression in multivariate analysis. Results For LWI, RP, MD and AROPE, prevalence of 2.5%, 5.6%, 2.3% and 7.2% were obtained in Gipuzkoa, and 8.1%, 31.5%, 7.8% and 34.7% in Valencia, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the AROPE was associated in both areas with maternal social class and non-nuclear families. In Gipuzkoa, it was also related to maternal education. In Valencia, other factors were the mother's foreign origin, and paternal education and smoking. Conclusion There is higher AROPE prevalence in Valencia. Social class and family type were shared factors, but a differential pattern is observed in other social determinants. It is essential to implement social policies to reduce this axis of inequalities in health, especially in childhood.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Objetivo Describir el riesgo de pobreza y exclusión social en niños/as de 8-11 años de Gipuzkoa y Valencia (España), mediante los indicadores AROPE (At Risk Of Poverty or Social Exclusion), y evaluar sus factores asociados en el Proyecto INMA (Infancia y Medio Ambiente). Método Familias de Gipuzkoa y Valencia (394 y 382, respectivamente) completaron un cuestionario en 2015-2016. Se estimaron la baja intensidad de trabajo (BIT), el riesgo de pobreza (RP) y la privación material (PM). AROPE consistió en cumplir cualquiera de estos subindicadores. Se consideraron características sociodemográficas, familiares y parentales. Se usaron diagramas de Venn, los test de Ji-cuadrado y Fisher en los análisis bivariados, y regresión logística en los análisis multivariados. Resultados Se obtuvieron prevalencias para BIT, RP, PM y AROPE del 2,5%, 5,6%, 2,3% y 7,2% en Gipuzkoa, y del 8,1%, 31,5%, 7,8% y 34,7% en Valencia, respectivamente. En el análisis multivariado, el AROPE se asoció en ambas áreas con la clase social materna y la familia no nuclear. En Gipuzkoa, también se relacionó con la educación materna. En Valencia, otros factores fueron el origen extranjero materno y la educación y el tabaquismo paternos. Conclusión Hay un AROPE más alto en Valencia. La clase social y el tipo de familia fueron factores compartidos, pero se observa un patrón diferencial en otros determinantes sociales. Es esencial implementar políticas sociales para reducir este eje de desigualdad en salud, especialmente en la infancia.

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          Most cited references34

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          Cohort Profile: the INMA--INfancia y Medio Ambiente--(Environment and Childhood) Project.

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            Effects of the Global Financial Crisis on Health in High-Income Oecd Countries: A Narrative Review.

            A growing body of evidence documents how economic crises impact aspects of health across countries and over time. We performed a systematic narrative review of the health effects of the latest economic crisis based on studies of high-income countries. Papers published between January 2009 and July 2015 were selected based on review of titles and abstracts, followed by a full text review conducted by two independent reviewers. Ultimately, 122 studies were selected and their findings summarized. The review finds that the 2008 financial crisis had negative effects on mental health, including suicide, and to a varying extent on some non-communicable and communicable diseases and access to care. Although unhealthy behaviors such as hazardous drinking and tobacco use appeared to decline during the crisis, there have been increases in some groups, typically those already at greatest risk. The health impact was greatest in countries that suffered the largest economic impact of the crisis or prolonged austerity. The Great Recessions in high-income countries have had mixed impacts on health. They tend to be worse when economic impacts are more severe, prolonged austerity measures are implemented, and there are pre-existing problems of substance use among vulnerable groups.
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              Family policies and single parent poverty in 18 OECD countries, 1978–2008

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS) (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                June 2021
                : 35
                : 3
                : 216-223
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameSpanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) Spain
                [7] Barcelona orgnameISGlobal Spain
                [6] Leioa orgnameUniversity of Basque Country Spain
                [3] Valencia Valencia orgnameUniversitat de Valencia orgdiv1Department of Infirmary and Chiropody Spain
                [5] San Sebastián orgnameBIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute Spain
                [1] Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I orgdiv1Joint Research Unit in Epidemiology, Environment and Health Spain
                [8] Barcelona Cataluña orgnameUniversitat Pompeu Fabra orgdiv1Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Spain
                [4] San Sebastián orgnameBasque Government orgdiv1Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa Spain
                [9] Valencia Valencia orgnameUniversitat de Valencia orgdiv1Department of Basic Psychology Spain
                [10] Castellón de la Plana Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I orgdiv1Predepartamental Unit of Medicine Spain
                Article
                S0213-91112021000300003 S0213-9111(21)03500300003
                10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.11.002
                32674864
                43d62036-991c-4a44-a440-c15f06a5c894

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 August 2019
                : 05 November 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original Articles

                Poverty,Low work intensity,AROPE,Inequalities,Material deprivation,Children,Pobreza,Baja intensidad de empleo,Desigualdades,Privación material,Infancia

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