Physical fitness of college freshmen in one college in Xi’an during 2005–2018

Abstract

Objective To understand changes of physical fitness, among college freshmen in one college in Xi’an from 2005 to 2018.

Methods Body mass index (BMI), vital lung capacity and cardiorespiratory endurance test data from 47 047 freshmen from 2005 to 2018 were included and analyzed. BMI, vital lung capacity, and cardiorespiratory endurance were classified according to the National Student Physical Fitness and Health Standard. Descriptive statistics, t test was used in the data analysis.

Results Mean BMI, vital lung capacity and cardiorespiratory endurance for male and female were (21.69±3.26) (20.88±2.65) kg/m ², (4 189.87±788.57) (2 815.06±572.07) mL, (246.17±24.09) (239.97±20.23) s, respectively, all of which had significant statistical differences ( t = 29.48, 218.87, 28.70, P<0.05). Physical fitness indicators showed significant differences over the years ( F = 104.82, 185.43, 40 891.99, P<0.05). Mean BMI and vital lung capacity in male and female freshmen showed nonlinear increase trend across the past 14 years, while endurance showed a “V”-shaped change with a significant inflection point in the year of 2009.

Conclusion From 2005 to 2018, BMI and vital lung capacity showed an upward trend, and cardiorespiratory endurance quality continued to decline since 2009 among college freshmen.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解西安市 2005—2018 年某大学新生体质变化特征, 为促进大学生体质发展提供参考和依据。 方法 选 取西安市某省属重点髙校 2005—2018 年 47 047 名新生体质量指数 (BMI)、肺活量和耐力素质测试数据, 依据《国家学生体 质健康标准》对 3 项指标进行分类, 分别采用描述性统计和 t 检验进行分析。 结果 2005—2018 年间, 某大学男、女新生 BMI、肺活量和耐力素质均值分别为 (21.69±3.26) (20.88±2.65)kg/m ²; (418 9.59±788.57) (2 815,06±572,07) mL; (246.17± 24.09) (239.97±20.23)s, 性别间差异均有统计学意义 ( t 值分别为 29.48,218.87,28.70, P 值均<0.05), 各年份 3 个指标之间 差异均有统计学意义 ( F 值分别为 104.82, 185.43,40 891.99, P 值均<0.05)。男、女新生 BMI 和肺活量均值在过去 14 年间 总体上在曲折中上升;耐力则呈现“V”型变化趋势, 2009 年为显著拐点。 结论 2005—2018 年, 大学新生 BMI 和肺活量呈 现上升趋势, 而耐力素质自 2009 年后持续下降。应及早关注并干预大学新生 BMI 的上升和耐力素质的下降状况, 减小未 来的疾病风险, 促进健康关口前移。