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      Rotating edge-field driven processing of chiral spin textures in racetrack devices

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          Abstract

          Topologically distinct magnetic structures like skyrmions, domain walls, and the uniformly magnetized state have multiple applications in logic devices, sensors, and as bits of information. One of the most promising concepts for applying these bits is the racetrack architecture controlled by electric currents or magnetic driving fields. In state-of-the-art racetracks, these fields or currents are applied to the whole circuit. Here, we employ micromagnetic and atomistic simulations to establish a concept for racetrack memories free of global driving forces. Surprisingly, we realize that mixed sequences of topologically distinct objects can be created and propagated over far distances exclusively by local rotation of magnetization at the sample boundaries. We reveal the dependence between chirality of the rotation and the direction of propagation and define the phase space where the proposed procedure can be realized. The advantages of this approach are the exclusion of high current and field densities as well as its compatibility with an energy-efficient three-dimensional design.

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          Most cited references28

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          Magnetic domain-wall racetrack memory.

          Recent developments in the controlled movement of domain walls in magnetic nanowires by short pulses of spin-polarized current give promise of a nonvolatile memory device with the high performance and reliability of conventional solid-state memory but at the low cost of conventional magnetic disk drive storage. The racetrack memory described in this review comprises an array of magnetic nanowires arranged horizontally or vertically on a silicon chip. Individual spintronic reading and writing nanodevices are used to modify or read a train of approximately 10 to 100 domain walls, which store a series of data bits in each nanowire. This racetrack memory is an example of the move toward innately three-dimensional microelectronic devices.
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            Nucleation, stability and current-induced motion of isolated magnetic skyrmions in nanostructures.

            Magnetic skyrmions are topologically stable spin configurations, which usually originate from chiral interactions known as Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. Skyrmion lattices were initially observed in bulk non-centrosymmetric crystals, but have more recently been noted in ultrathin films, where their existence is explained by interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions induced by the proximity to an adjacent layer with strong spin-orbit coupling. Skyrmions are promising candidates as information carriers for future information-processing devices due to their small size (down to a few nanometres) and to the very small current densities needed to displace skyrmion lattices. However, any practical application will probably require the creation, manipulation and detection of isolated skyrmions in magnetic thin-film nanostructures. Here, we demonstrate by numerical investigations that an isolated skyrmion can be a stable configuration in a nanostructure, can be locally nucleated by injection of spin-polarized current, and can be displaced by current-induced spin torques, even in the presence of large defects.
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              Magnetic domain-wall logic.

              "Spintronics," in which both the spin and charge of electrons are used for logic and memory operations, promises an alternate route to traditional semiconductor electronics. A complete logic architecture can be constructed, which uses planar magnetic wires that are less than a micrometer in width. Logical NOT, logical AND, signal fan-out, and signal cross-over elements each have a simple geometric design, and they can be integrated together into one circuit. An additional element for data input allows information to be written to domain-wall logic circuits.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                alexander.schaeffer@physik.uni-halle.de
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                23 November 2020
                23 November 2020
                2020
                : 10
                : 20400
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.9018.0, ISNI 0000 0001 0679 2801, Institute of Physics, , Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, ; 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
                [2 ]GRID grid.9026.d, ISNI 0000 0001 2287 2617, Department of Physics, , Universität Hamburg, ; 20355 Hamburg, Germany
                [3 ]GRID grid.9026.d, ISNI 0000 0001 2287 2617, I. Institute for Theoretical Physics, , Universität Hamburg, ; 20355 Hamburg, Germany
                Article
                77337
                10.1038/s41598-020-77337-y
                7684311
                33230140
                44028037-6c26-4377-966a-c490d94588a0
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 29 October 2020
                : 10 November 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft;
                Award ID: CRC/TRR 227
                Award ID: SPP 2137 (project no. 403505707)
                Award ID: EXC 2056 (project no. 390715994)
                Funded by: Projekt DEAL
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Uncategorized
                condensed-matter physics,magnetic properties and materials,spintronics,electronic and spintronic devices

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