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      Varenicline: a review of the literature and place in therapy

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          Abstract

          Evidence regarding the health consequences of smoking is undeniable, yet 21% of the American population continues to smoke. In addition to behavioral modifications, first-line treatment options include nicotine replacement therapies and bupropion SR. Varenicline, which was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), offers a novel mechanism of action for smoking cessation. This article reviews current first-line smoking cessation aids and evaluates the clinical trials pertaining to the efficacy and safety of varenicline. Additionally, the authors attempt to establish the role of varenicline in smoking cessation therapy and determine whether varenicline should be used prior to other first-line smoking cessation aids, particularly considering the lower costs of generic alternatives. At present, clinical studies have not established the efficacy of varenicline after repeated courses, following bupropion failures, or in various unstudied populations. Relatively poor study outcomes emphasize the need to provide patients with behavioral counseling throughout each quit attempt and for 1 year past the quit date.

          Translated abstract

          La evidencia sobre las consecuencias sanitarias del tabaco es incontestable, aunque el 21% de la población americana continua fumando. Además de las modificaciones del comportamiento, las opciones de primera línea en el tratamiento incluyen terapias de sustitución nicotínica y bupropion SR. La varenicilina, que ha sido recientemente aprobada por la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos (FDA), ofrece un mecanismo de acción novedoso para el abandono del tabaco. Este artículo revisa las actuales ayudas de primera línea para la cesación tabáquica y evalúa los ensayos clínicos relativos a la eficacia y seguridad de la varenicilina. Además, los autores intentan establecer el papel del a varenicilina en el tratamiento de cesación tabáquica y determinar si la varenicilina debería ser usada antes de otras ayudas de primera línea, particularmente considerando el bajo coste de las alternativas genéricas. Ene l presente, los estudios clínicos no han establecido la eficacia del a varenicilina después de ciclos repetidos, tras fallos del bupropion, o en diversas poblaciones no estudiadas. Los resultados relativamente pobres de estudios enfatizan la necesidad de proporcionar a los pacientes consejo comportamental en cada tentativa de abandono y durante un año después de la tentativa.

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          Most cited references40

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          In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors.

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            Healthy People 2010: Understanding andImproving Health

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              Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs--United States, 1995-1999.

              (2002)
              Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and produces substantial health-related economic costs to society. This report presents the annual estimates of the disease impact of smoking in the United States during 1995-1999. CDC calculated national estimates of annual smoking-attributable mortality (SAM), years of potential life lost (YPLL), smoking-attributable medical expenditures (SAEs) for adults and infants, and productivity costs for adults. Results show that during 1995-1999, smoking caused approximately 440,000 premature deaths in the United States annually and approximately $157 billion in annual health-related economic losses. Implementation of comprehensive tobacco-control programs as recommended by CDC could effectively reduce the prevalence, disease impact, and economic costs of smoking.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pharmacy
                Pharmacy Practice (Granada)
                Pharmacy Pract (Granada)
                Centro de Investigaciones y Publicaciones Farmacéuticas
                1885-642X
                June 2007
                : 5
                : 2
                : 51-58
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy USA
                Article
                S1885-642X2007000200001
                44295232-0e6c-49c0-a72e-686632a80639

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History

                Cesación tabáquica,Vareniclina Tabaco,Tratamiento comportamental,Smoking Cessation,Varenicline,Tobacco,Behavior Therapy

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