Attenuation of LPS-Induced Changes in Synaptic Activity in Rat Hippocampus by Vasogen’s Immune Modulation Therapy

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Abstract

Systemic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) blocks the expression of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus of the rat. This is coupled with increased IL-1β concentration and c-Jun NH<sub>2</sub>-terminal kinase activity, as well as an increase in the number of cells displaying apoptotic characteristics in the hippocampus. Vasogen’s Immune Modulation Therapy (IMT) is a procedure involving intramuscular administration of syngeneic blood which has been exposed ex vivo to elevated temperature, oxidation and ultraviolet light. We report that Vasogen’s IMT significantly abrogates these LPS-induced effects with a concomitant increase in the concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. These data suggest that Vasogen’s IMT may play a protective role against the deleterious effects of immune insults in the brain.

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The anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, blocks the inhibitory effect of IL-1 beta on long term potentiation. A role for JNK.

Scott L. O’Neill, Tom E. Whittaker, E Vereker … (2001)

Several effects of the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), have been described in the central nervous system, and one area of the brain where marked changes have been reported is the hippocampus. Among these changes are an IL-1 beta-induced inhibition of long term potentiation (LTP) in perforant path-granule cell synapses and an attenuation of glutamate release in synaptosomes prepared from the hippocampus. Evidence suggests that, at least in circulating cells, the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, antagonizes certain effects of IL-1. We investigated the effect of IL-10 on IL-1 beta-induced inhibition of LTP and glutamate release. The evidence presented indicates that IL-1 beta stimulates the stress-activated protein kinase, c-Jun-activated protein kinase (JNK), and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase, which may explain its inhibitory effect on release and LTP, and that IL-10 reversed the IL-1 beta-induced stimulation of JNK activity and inhibition of release and LTP. We observed that IL-10 abrogated the stimulatory effect of IL-1 beta on superoxide dismutase activity and reactive oxygen species production, whereas the H(2)O(2)-induced inhibition of LTP was also blocked by IL-10. We present evidence that suggests that the action of IL-10 may be mediated by its ability to induce shedding of the IL-1 type I receptor.

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Effects of vagotomy on lipopolysaccharide-induced brain interleukin-1β protein in rats

Michael K. Hansen, Kien T. Nguyen, Lisa Goehler … (2000)

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): NIM

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Neuroimmunomodulation

Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.1021-7401

Title: Neuroimmunomodulation

Publisher: S. Karger AG

ISSN (Print): 1021-7401

ISSN (Electronic): 1423-0216

Publication date Subscription-year: 2002

Publication date (Print): August 2002

Publication date (Electronic): 30 August 2002

Volume: 10

Issue: 1

Pages: 40-46

Affiliations

^aDepartment of Physiology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; ^bVasogen Inc., Toronto, Canada

Article

Publisher ID: 64413 Other ID: Neuroimmunomodulation 2002–03;10:40–46

DOI: 10.1159/000064413

PubMed ID: 12207162

SO-VID: 4459025b-0aea-4ede-abb8-15fb3da59847

License:

Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

History

Date received : 28 February 2002

Date accepted : 03 April 2002

Page count

Figures: 5, References: 25, Pages: 7

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