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      • Record: found
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      Comparing acromegalic patients to healthy controls with respect to intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, and optic disc topography findings

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          Abstract

          Aims:

          The aim was to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and optic disc topography findings of biochemically controlled acromegalic patients and the control group and to evaluate the effect of the duration of acromegaly and serum growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels on these ocular parameters.

          Materials and Methods:

          IOP measurement with Goldmann applanation tonometry, CCT measurement with ultrasonic pachymetry, and topographic analysis with Heidelberg retinal tomograph III were performed on 35 biochemically controlled acromegalic patients and 36 age- and gender-matched controls.

          Results:

          Mean IOP and CCT were 14.7 ± 2.9 mmHg and 559.5 ± 44.9 μm in the acromegaly patients and 13.0 ± 1.6 mmHg and 547.1 ± 26.7 μm in controls ( P = 0.006 and P = 0.15, respectively). A significant moderate correlation was found between the duration of acromegaly and CCT ( r = 0.391) and IOP ( r = 0.367). Mean retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was significantly lower in the acromegalic patients (0.25 ± 0.05 mm) as compared to controls (0.31 ± 0.09 mm) ( P = 0.01). A significant moderate correlation was detected between IGF-1 level and disc area ( r = 0.362), cup area ( r = 0.389) and cup volume ( r = 0.491).

          Conclusion:

          Biochemically controlled acromegalic patients showed significantly higher CCT and IOP levels and lower RNFL thickness compared to healthy controls and the duration of disease was correlated with CCT and IOP levels.

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          Most cited references15

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          Effect of central corneal thickness, corneal curvature, and axial length on applanation tonometry.

          Markus Kohlhaas, H-J Grein, Lutz Pillunat … (2006)
          To evaluate the effect of central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal curvature, and axial length on applanation tonometry in an in vivo study. In a masked, prospective clinical trial, we examined 125 eyes of 125 patients scheduled for cataract surgery. Corneal curvature was measured by means of keratometry and axial length by A-scan ultrasonography. By cannulating the anterior chamber before surgery, intraocular pressure (IOP) was set to 20, 35, and 50 mm Hg in a closed system by means of a water column. After measuring thickness, the IOP was measured with an applanation tonometer. Pearson product moment correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were performed, and significance levels were evaluated by the paired, 2-tailed t test. The difference between measured and real IOP was significantly dependent (P < .001) on CCT. The associations between IOP and corneal curvature or IOP and axial length were not statistically significant (P = .31). The association between IOP reading and CCT is shown in the "Dresdner correction table," which illustrates an approximately 1-mm Hg correction for every 25-microm deviation from a CCT of 550 microm. The correction values were positive as thickness decreased and negative as thickness increased. Central corneal thickness significantly affects IOP readings obtained by applanation tonometry according to the Goldmann principle. A correction of IOP readings by considering CCT according to the Dresdner correction table might be helpful for determining an accurate IOP value.
          Article 0 comments Cited 71 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Cultured human trabecular meshwork cells express functional growth factor receptors.

            R Wordinger, Ellen B. Fung, K. Clark … (1998)
            To compare the mRNA expression of growth factor receptors in cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells with ex vivo HTM tissues and to determine whether HTM cells generate a physiologic response after exposure to exogenous growth factors. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to detect the expression of various growth factor receptor mRNAs using early passaged, cultured HTM cells from donors of several ages. RT-PCR on ex vivo HTM tissues from healthy donors and donors with glaucoma were also used to compare and contrast mRNA expression with cell culture results. After the exogenous administration of growth factors, cell proliferation and extracellular acidification rate studies were used to measure the functional responses of HTM cells to growth factors. Amplification products of the expected size for 15 growth factor receptors were detected in cultured HTM cells and in ex vivo HTM tissues. The administration of exogenous growth factors showed that (a) hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA, PDGF-BB, PDGF-AB, and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) stimulated cell proliferation, whereas FGF-1 (acidic), transforming growth factor (TGF) alpha, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, nerve growth factor (NGF), and FGF-7 (keratinocyte growth factor [KGF]) had no significant influence on cell proliferation; (b) TGF-beta isoforms significantly inhibited EGF-stimulated trabecular meshwork cell proliferation; and (c) FGF-1 (acidic), TGF-alpha, EGF, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, HGF, TNF-alpha, PDGF-AA, and IGF-1 significantly stimulated extracellular acidification, whereas FGF-2 (basic), FGF-7 (KGF), TGF-beta1-beta3 and NGF had no significant influence on extracellular acidification. These studies show that mRNA for numerous growth factor receptors can be detected in cultured HTM cells and in ex vivo HTM tissues. They also show that many of the receptors are functional, because exogenous growth factor administration elicits a physiologic response. In vivo, these receptors may be activated by growth factors present within the aqueous humor (aquecrine/paracrine) or by growth factors synthesized and released locally by trabecular meshwork cells themselves (autocrine). Specific growth factors acting through high-affinity receptors may be involved in maintaining the normal microenvironment of the HTM and also may be involved in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma.
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              Growth hormone action in the developing neural retina: a proteomic analysis.

              Zahra Hassanali, John Kopchick, Steve Harvey … (2007)
              The possible presence and action of growth hormone (GH) in the neural retina was investigated in newborn mice. The neural retina was found to be a site of GH gene expression, as GH mRNA was abundant in cells of the retinal ganglion cell layer, in which GH was also detected. It was also a site of GH action, since GH receptor (GHR) immunoreactivity mirrored that of GH. Actions of GH within the eye were indicated by a reduction in its axial length and retinal width (its neuroblastic, inner plexiform, and optic fiber layers) in GHR gene disrupted mice (GHR-/-), in comparison with wild type (GHR+/+) littermates. In the absence of GH signaling, four proteins in the retinal proteome of the GHR-/- mice (identified by 2-D gels and MS) differed in abundance with those in the wild type mice. Brain abundant membrane attached signal protein-1 (BASP-1) was down-regulated, whereas protein kinase C inhibitor 1, cyclophilin A, KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated protein 3 were up-regulated in GHR-/- mice. These proteins are involved in retinal vascularization, neural proliferation and neurite outgrowth. GH might thus have hitherto unsuspected roles in these processes during retinal development.
              Article 0 comments Cited 9 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Indian J Ophthalmol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Indian J Ophthalmol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJO
                Title: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
                Publisher: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                ISSN (Print): 0301-4738
                ISSN (Electronic): 1998-3689
                Publication date (Print): August 2014
                Volume: 62
                Issue: 8
                Pages: 841-845
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Glaucoma, Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
                [1 ]Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinic, Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
                [2 ]Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Disease and Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
                [3 ]Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Dr. Emine Sen, Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: eminesentr@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJO-62-841
                DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.141035
                PMC ID: 4185160
                PubMed ID: 25230958
                SO-VID: 445d61c1-a1e2-49a7-812a-40fa5ae8b493
                Copyright © Copyright: © Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 16 January 2014
                Date accepted : 13 July 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Ophthalmology & Optometry
                Keywords: acromegaly,central corneal thickness,intraocular pressure,optic disc topography,retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Ophthalmology & Optometry
                Keywords: acromegaly, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, optic disc topography, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness

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