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      International Journal of COPD (submit here)

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      Outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with and without COPD

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          Abstract

          Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of patients with COPD after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

          Patients and methods: All COPD patients who underwent LC from 2000 to 2010 were identified from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database. The outcomes of hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and use of mechanical ventilation and life support measures in COPD and non-COPD populations were compared.

          Results: A total of 3,954 COPD patients who underwent LC were enrolled in our study. There were significant differences in the hospitalization period, ICU stay, and use of mechanical ventilation and life support measures between the COPD and non-COPD populations. The mean hospital stay, ICU stay and number of mechanical ventilation days in the COPD and non-COPD groups were 7.81 vs 6.01 days, 5.5 vs 4.5 days and 6.40 vs 4.74 days, respectively. The use of life support measures, including vasopressors and hemodialysis, and the rates of hospital mortality, acute respiratory failure and pneumonia were also increased in COPD patients compared with those in non-COPD patients.

          Conclusion: COPD increased the risk of mortality, lengths of hospital and ICU stays, ventilator days and poor outcomes after LC in this study.

          Most cited references18

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          Complications of laparoscopy: a prospective multicentre observational study.

          To determine the incidence and describe the complications of laparoscopic procedures in The Netherlands. A nationwide prospective multicentre observational study. Data on complications were registered from 1 January to 31 December 1994 by 72 hospitals. Any unexpected or unplanned event requiring intra-operative or post-operative intervention was defined as a complication. Complications were classified in two groups: approach and technique related complications. Complication rates were compared with these already published. Of 25,764 laparoscopic procedures, 145 complications occurred (rate 5.7 per 1000 [/1000]); two deaths occurred. In 84 women laparotomy was necessary (rate 3.3/1000). In 83 cases (57%; 95% CI for approach = 49-65%) the complication was caused by the surgical approach; in 62 cases (43%) the technique was at fault. Haemorrhage of the epigastric vein and intestinal injury, often requiring laparotomy (90% of cases) were the most frequently observed complications. The complication rate was 2.7/1000 for diagnostic laparoscopic procedures, 4.5/1000 for sterilisation and 17.9/1000 (chi 2 = 127; dF = 2; P < 0.001) for operative laparoscopy. The highest incidence was registered for complications occurring during laparoscopic (assisted) hysterectomy. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that previous laparotomy and surgical experience were associated with complications requiring laparotomy. Most complications occurred during operative laparoscopic procedures (rate 17.9/1000). Residents in training are required to learn diagnostic laparoscopy and sterilisation and this training programme results in a fall in the risk of the complications. However, operative laparoscopic procedures are still hazardous, especially laparoscopic hysterectomy. Women with a previous laparotomy are particularly at risk.
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            A population-based cohort study comparing laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy.

            Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become a popular alternative to open cholecystectomy (OC). Previous studies comparing outcomes in LC and OC used small selected cohorts of patients and did not control for comorbid conditions that might affect outcome. The aims of this study were to characterize the morbidity, mortality, and costs of LC and OC in a large unselected cohort of patients. We used the population-based North Carolina Discharge Abstract Database (NCHDAD) for January 1, 1991, to September 30, 1994 (n = 850,000) to identify patients undergoing OC and LC. We identified the indications for surgery, complications, and type of perioperative biliary imaging used. We compared length of stay, hospital charges, complications, morbidity, and mortality between OC and LC patients. To account for variations in outcomes from differences in age and comorbidity between the OC and LC groups, we used the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index in regression analyses quantifying the association between type of surgery and outcome. Our cohort consisted of 43,433 patients (19,662 LC and 23,771 OC). The mean age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index score was slightly higher for the OC compared to the LC group (4.3 vs 4.1, p < 0.05). The OC patients had longer hospitalizations, generated more charges ($12,125 vs $9,139, p < 0.05), and required home care more often. The crude risk ratio comparing risk of death in OC to LC was 5.0 (95% CI = 3.9-6.5). After controlling for age, comorbidity, and sex, the odds of dying in the OC group was still 3.3 times (95% CI = 1.4-7.3) greater than in the LC group. In the LC group, the number of patients with acute cholecystitis rose over the study period, whereas the number of patients with chronic cholecystitis declined. In the OC group, the number of patients with acute and chronic cholecystitis declined. The use of intraoperative cholangiography was greater in the OC group but declined in both groups over the study period. The use of ERCP was greater in the LC group and increased in both groups over time. The introduction of LC has resulted in a change in the management of cholecystitis. Despite a higher proportion of patients with acute cholecystitis, the risk of dying was significantly less in LC than in OC patients, even after controlling for age and comorbidity. Based on lower costs and better outcomes, LC seems to be the treatment of choice for acute and chronic cholecystitis.
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              Validity of ICD9-CM codes to diagnose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from National Health Insurance claim data in Taiwan

              Purpose Claim data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance (NHI) database have previously been utilized in the study of COPD. However, there are limited data on the positive predictive value of claim data for COPD diagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize and validate the COPD cohort identified from the NHI research database. Methods This cross-sectional study compared records from claim data with those from a medical center. From 2007 to 2014, a COPD cohort was constructed from claim data using ICD9-CM codes for COPD. The diagnostic positive predictive value of these data was assessed with reference to physician-verified COPD. In addition, a multivariate logistic regression model was built to identify independent factors associated with the positive predictive value of COPD diagnosis by claim data. Results During the 8-year study period, a total of 12,127 subjects met the criterion of having two or more outpatient codes in 1 year or one or more inpatient COPD codes in their claim data. Of this total, the diagnosis of COPD was verified by physicians in 7,701 (63.5%) subjects. Applying a more stringent criterion – three or more outpatient codes or two or more inpatient codes – improved the diagnostic positive predictive value to 72.2%. Age ≥65 years and a claim for spirometry were the two most important factors associated with the positive predictive value of claim-data-defined COPD. Adding spirometry testing to diagnostic ICD9-CM codes for COPD increased the positive predictive value to 84.6%. Conclusion This study emphasizes the importance of validation of disease-specific diagnosis prior to applying an administrative database in clinical studies. It also indicates the limitation of ICD9-CM codes alone in recognizing COPD patients within the NHI research database.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
                Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
                COPD
                copd
                International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
                Dove
                1176-9106
                1178-2005
                27 May 2019
                2019
                : 14
                : 1159-1165
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center , Chiali, Taiwan
                [2 ]Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center , Chiali, Taiwan
                [3 ]Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center , Tainan, Taiwan
                [4 ]Allied AI Biomed Center, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Tainan, Taiwan
                [5 ]Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science , Tainan, Taiwan
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Chung-Han HoDepartment of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center , No 901, Zhonghua Road, Yongkang District, Tainan710, TaiwanTel +886 6 281 2811 x52653Email ho.c.hank@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                201866
                10.2147/COPD.S201866
                6549428
                44c69769-5ceb-4449-b81d-0d723dfeb0ee
                © 2019 Liao et al.

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                : 17 January 2019
                : 30 April 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 3, References: 21, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Original Research

                Respiratory medicine
                copd,laparoscopic cholecystectomy,outcome
                Respiratory medicine
                copd, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, outcome

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