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      Quién influye en quién: el trío Flexibilidad Cognitiva – Emociones – Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria Translated title: Who influences who: The Cognitive Flexibility – Emotions – Eating Disorders trio

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          Abstract

          Resumen Los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA) constituyen una de las patologías con mayor incremento poblacional en los últimos años y asociada a la mayor mortalidad dentro del espectro de los trastornos mentales. El interés que ha suscitado en sus diferentes manifestaciones arroja datos incongruentes acerca de su etiología y factores de mantenimiento, lo que se atribuye a la complejidad sintomatológica de los mismos, su comorbilidad con otras psicopatologías y la migración habitual entre diagnósticos. El presente estudio trata de aportar evidencias acerca de la relación de estos trastornos con las funciones ejecutivas, en concreto, con la flexibilidad cognitiva, y los factores emocionales. Los resultados no apoyan las hipótesis iniciales al no arrojar diferencias significativas en flexibilidad cognitiva entre grupos, obteniendo únicamente diferencias en la medida de depresión. Sin embargo, los datos de función ejecutiva se aprecian permeados por el espectro emocional, por lo que se esbozan explicaciones alternativas acerca de posibles indicadores endofenotípicos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Eating Disorders are one of the pathologies with the greatest population increase in recent years and associated with the highest mortality within the spectrum of mental disorders. The interest in its different manifestations yields inconsistent data about their etiology and maintenance factors, which is attributed to their symptomatic complexity, their comorbility with other psychopathologies and the usual migration between diagnoses. The present estudy tries to provide evidence about the relationship between these disorders and the executive functions, specifically, with cognitive flexibility, and emotional factors. The results do not support the initial hypotheses as they did not show significant differences in cognitive flexibility between groups, obtaining only differences in the measure of depression. However, the executive function data are appreciated permeated by the emotional spectrum, so alternative explanations about possible endophenotype indicators are outlined.

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          Most cited references55

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          Trail Making Test A and B: normative data stratified by age and education.

          Normative data for the Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B are presented for 911 community-dwelling individuals aged 18-89 years. Performance on the TMT decreased with increasing age and lower levels of education. Based on these results, the norms were stratified for both age (11 groups) and education (2 levels). The current norms represent a more comprehensive set of norms than previously available and will increase the ability of neuropsychologists to determine more precisely the degree to which scores on the TMT reflect impaired performance for varying ages and education.
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            Cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders: a "transdiagnostic" theory and treatment.

            This paper is concerned with the psychopathological processes that account for the persistence of severe eating disorders. Two separate but interrelated lines of argument are developed. One is that the leading evidence-based theory of the maintenance of eating disorders, the cognitive behavioural theory of bulimia nervosa, should be extended in its focus to embrace four additional maintaining mechanisms. Specifically, we propose that in certain patients one or more of four additional maintaining processes interact with the core eating disorder maintaining mechanisms and that when this occurs it is an obstacle to change. The additional maintaining processes concern the influence of clinical perfectionism, core low self-esteem, mood intolerance and interpersonal difficulties. The second line of argument is that in the case of eating disorders shared, but distinctive, clinical features tend to be maintained by similar psychopathological processes. Accordingly, we suggest that common mechanisms are involved in the persistence of bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa and the atypical eating disorders. Together, these two lines of argument lead us to propose a new transdiagnostic theory of the maintenance of the full range of eating disorders, a theory which embraces a broader range of maintaining mechanisms than the current theory concerning bulimia nervosa. In the final sections of the paper we describe a transdiagnostic treatment derived from the new theory, and we consider in principle the broader relevance of transdiagnostic theories of maintenance.
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              Academy for eating disorders position paper: eating disorders are serious mental illnesses.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jonnpr
                Journal of Negative and No Positive Results
                JONNPR
                Research and Science S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                2529-850X
                2021
                : 6
                : 1
                : 47-67
                Affiliations
                [1] Sevilla orgnameInstituto de Ciencias de la Conducta España
                [2] Sevilla Andalucía orgnameUniversidad Pablo de Olavide Spain
                Article
                S2529-850X2021000100005 S2529-850X(21)00600100005
                10.19230/jonnpr.3687
                44df8a83-e3ef-407c-aef5-1661c72d5c7c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 April 2020
                : 09 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 55, Pages: 21
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original

                executive function,función ejecutiva,flexibilidad cognitiva,suicidio,Eating disorders,cognitive flexibility,depression,suicide,depresión,Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria

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