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      Síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon Translated title: Freeman-Sheldon syndrome

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon es un síndrome hereditario raro, de severidad variable que afecta principalmente la cara, manos y pies, sin preferencia de género, étnica o geográfica. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínicamente a un paciente con síndrome Freeman-Sheldon. Presentación del caso: Niña ecuatoriana de 6 años de edad, hija de madre de 43 años y padre de 42 años, la cuarta de 6 hermanos, todos sanos, no historia de consanguinidad. La cual presenta cara parecida a una máscara, ojos hundidos, puente nasal ancho, boca pequeña con apariencia de silbador, hoyuelo cutáneo en mentón en forma de H, defecto en las manos, contractura de los dedos con desviación cubital y pies equinovaro, dificultad para la marcha y baja talla. Conclusiones: El síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon es un síndrome raro que afecta principalmente la cara y las extremidades de los pacientes, cuyo diagnóstico clínico es posible luego de un examen físico exhaustivo.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Freeman-Sheldon syndrome is a rare hereditary syndrome of varying severity that mainly affects the face, hands and feet, without gender, ethnic or geographical preference. Objective: Clinically characterize a patient with Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. Presentation of the case: Ecuadorian girl, 6 years old, daughter of mother of 43 years and father of 42 years, the fourth of 6 brothers, all healthy, not history of consanguinity. She presents mask-like face, sunken eyes, wide nasal bridge, small mouth with the appearance of a whistler, skin dimple on the chin in the shape of an H, defect in the hands, contracture of the fingers with ulnar deviation and clubfoot, also walking difficulty and short height. Conclusions: Freeman-Sheldon syndrome is a rare syndrome that mainly affects the face and limbs of patients, whose clinical diagnosis is possible after a thorough physical examination.

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          Most cited references15

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          Mutations in embryonic myosin heavy chain (MYH3) cause Freeman-Sheldon syndrome and Sheldon-Hall syndrome.

          The genetic basis of most conditions characterized by congenital contractures is largely unknown. Here we show that mutations in the embryonic myosin heavy chain (MYH3) gene cause Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS), one of the most severe multiple congenital contracture (that is, arthrogryposis) syndromes, and nearly one-third of all cases of Sheldon-Hall syndrome (SHS), the most common distal arthrogryposis. FSS and SHS mutations affect different myosin residues, demonstrating that MYH3 genotype is predictive of phenotype. A structure-function analysis shows that nearly all of the MYH3 mutations are predicted to interfere with myosin's catalytic activity. These results add to the growing body of evidence showing that congenital contractures are a shared outcome of prenatal defects in myofiber force production. Elucidation of the genetic basis of these syndromes redefines congenital contractures as unique defects of the sarcomere and provides insights about what has heretofore been a poorly understood group of disorders.
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            The embryonic myosin R672C mutation that underlies Freeman-Sheldon syndrome impairs cross-bridge detachment and cycling in adult skeletal muscle.

            Distal arthrogryposis is the most common known heritable cause of congenital contractures (e.g. clubfoot) and results from mutations in genes that encode proteins of the contractile complex of skeletal muscle cells. Mutations are most frequently found in MYH3 and are predicted to impair the function of embryonic myosin. We measured the contractile properties of individual skeletal muscle cells and the activation and relaxation kinetics of isolated myofibrils from two adult individuals with an R672C substitution in embryonic myosin and distal arthrogryposis syndrome 2A (DA2A) or Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. In R672C-containing muscle cells, we observed reduced specific force, a prolonged time to relaxation and incomplete relaxation (elevated residual force). In R672C-containing muscle myofibrils, the initial, slower phase of relaxation had a longer duration and slower rate, and time to complete relaxation was greatly prolonged. These observations can be collectively explained by a small subpopulation of myosin cross-bridges with greatly reduced detachment kinetics, resulting in a slower and less complete deactivation of thin filaments at the end of contractions. These findings have important implications for selecting and testing directed therapeutic options for persons with DA2A and perhaps congenital contractures in general. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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              Cranio-carpo-tarsal dystrophy.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ped
                Revista Cubana de Pediatría
                Rev Cubana Pediatr
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana, , Cuba )
                0034-7531
                1561-3119
                June 2022
                : 94
                : 2
                Affiliations
                [3] Ciego de Ávila orgnameHospital Provincial “Antonio Luaces Iraola” Cuba
                [2] Pichincha orgnameHospital Gineco Obstétrico “Isidro Ayora” Ecuador
                [1] Manabí orgnameUniversidad Técnica de Manabí Ecuador
                Article
                S0034-75312022000200014 S0034-7531(22)09400200014
                452506fe-5ae0-451a-806d-e873fe8a677a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                PRESENTACION DE CASOS

                síndrome de Freeman-Burian,whistling face syndrome,distal arthrogryposis type 2A,craniofacial syndrome,craniocarpotarsal dystrophy,craniocarpotarsal dysplasia,Freeman-Burian syndrome,Freeman-Sheldon syndrome,síndrome de cara de silbido,síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon,displasia craneocarpotarsal,distrofia craneocarpotarsal,síndrome craneofacial,artrogriposis distal tipo 2A

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