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      Cambio en la pauta de administración de drogas en la comunidad autónoma vasca. Evolución durante el período 1991-1996 Translated title: Change in the drugs administration pattern in the Basque Country community. The 1991-1996 trend

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          Abstract

          FUNDAMENTO: En los últimos años se ha venido produciendo a nivel nacional una reducción del uso de la vía inyectada como medio de administración de droga y un cambio paulatino hacia la utilización de vías menos mórbidas. Nuestro objetivo fue examinar las tendencias de cambio en el uso de las vías de administración de drogas en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco y explorar los factores asociados a la utilización de la vía inyectada. MÉTODO: Se utilizó una serie temporal de estudios transversales a partir del Indicador «Tratamiento» del Sistema de Información sobre Toxicomanías (SIT) del Gobierno Vasco. Se analiza un total de 12.382 admisiones producidas entre los años 1991 y 1996. Se aplican pruebas de linealidad para el análisis de las tendencias y un modelo de regresión logística para la estimación de los Odds Ratio de asociación entre las posibles variables explicativas y la variable resultado. RESULTADOS: Se evidencia un cambio significativo (ji ²=621,3; p<0,001) en la vía de administración de drogas que, en el caso de la vía inyectada ha pasado de una prevalencia de uso del 83% en 1991 a una de 52,3% en 1996. El modelo ajustado de regresión obtenido (-2LL=10766,7) presenta la edad de los usuarios de drogas como una variable protectora (OR=0,94; 95%=0,93 a 0,95). Por el contrario, ser hombre (OR=1,25; IC95%=1,11 a 1,39), haber recibido tratamientos previos (OR=2,63; IC95%=2,38 a 2,90), ser la heroína la droga que motiva la demanda de asistencia (OR=9,41; IC95%=7,24 a 12,2) y el mayor número de años de consumo (OR=1,14; IC95%= 1,13 a 1,16) se presentan como factores asociados a una mayor utilización de la vía inyectada. CONCLUSIONES: Si bien se ha observado una reducción a través de los años del uso de la vía parenteral, una prevalencia del 52% en 1996 sigue siendo demasiado alta. Se discute la necesidad de persistir en la aplicación de programas de reducción de daños y prevención de riesgos.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND: A reduction of intravenous route as a method of consuming drugs and a change towards to the use of less morbid routes has taken place in the last years in national and international contexts. Our objective was to examine change trends in the drugs administration route in the Basque Country Community and to explore factors associated with the injected route (IR) use. METHODS: A time-based series of cross-sectional studies using data provided by the Information System on Drug Abuse (SIT) of the Basque Government was used. A total of 12382 admissions to treatment produced between the years 1991 to 1996 was analyzed. For the analysis of trends linearity test was play and for the estimation of the association between explanatory variables and outcome variable logistic regression model was carried out. RESULTS: A significative change in the route of drugs administration (c ²= 621,3; p<0,001) is evidence, having decreased the prevalence of IR use from 83% 1991 to 52,3% in 1996. The adjusted regression model (-2LL= 10766,7) reveals the age of the drugs users as a protective variable (OR= 0,94; IC95%= 0,93 to 0,95). On the contrary, being man (OR= 1,25; IC95%= 1,11 to 1,39), having received previous treatments (OR= 2,63; IC95%= 2,38 to 2,90), being heroine the drug that motivates the demand for treatment (OR= 9,41; IC95%= 7,24 to 12,2), and the greater number of consumption years (OR= 1,14; IC95%= 1,13 to 1,16), are presented as factors associated with a greater utilization of the Injected Route. CONCLUSIONS: Even though it has been observed a reduction of the use of the injected route over the years, a prevalence of the 52,3% in 1996 continues being too high. It is discussed the need of persisting in the application of harm reduction and risks prevention strategies.

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          Continuity and change within an HIV epidemic. Injecting drug users in New York City, 1984 through 1992.

          To examine trends in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk behavior and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence among injecting drug users (IDUs) in New York City from 1984 through 1992. Comparisons were made between two surveys of IDUs at the same hospital-based New York City drug abuse detoxification program: 141 IDUs in 1984 and 974 IDUs in 1990 through 1992. National Death Registry, New York City Health Department, and drug treatment program records were also used. Persons attending detoxification program randomly selected for participation. Eligibility was based on injection within previous 2 months; 99% acceptance rates were obtained. Participants in the 1984 and 1990 through 1992 surveys were 66% and 79% men, 21% and 19% white, 33% and 34% African American, and 45% and 46% Latin American, respectively. Community-based AIDS prevention programs, including underground syringe exchanges. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome risk behaviors; HIV serostatus; CD4+ cell counts; death rates among 1984 subjects; and injection and intranasal routes of drug administration. The HIV seroprevalence remained stable at slightly more than 50%. Mean CD4+ cell counts declined from 0.716 x 10(9)/L (716/microL) to 0.575 x 10(9)/L (P < .009). Annual death rate among 1984 subjects was 3%, with a significantly higher rate among HIV-seropositive subjects (relative risk, 2.57; 95% exact binomial confidence interval, 1.12 to 6.61). Large-scale declines were observed in AIDS risk behaviors, eg, use of potentially contaminated syringes declined from 51% to 7% of injections (P < .001). Recent additional risk reduction was associated with use of the underground syringe exchanges. Intranasal heroin use was the primary route of drug administration for 46% of heroin admissions to New York City drug treatment programs. The HIV seroprevalence has remained stable among this population of New York City IDUs for almost a decade. Continuation of current trends should lead to further reduction in HIV transmission, although reversal of the trend to intranasal use could lead to substantially increased transmission.
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            Heroin smoking by ‘chasing the dragon’: origins and history

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              SPSS for Windows: Base system user's guide, release 6.0

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Rev. Esp. Salud Publica
                Ministerio de Sanidad (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                April 2000
                : 74
                : 2
                Affiliations
                [02] Bilbao orgnameUniversidad de Deusto orgdiv1Instituto Deusto de Drogodependencias
                [01] Bilbao orgnameMódulo de Asistencia Psicosocial de Rekalde
                Article
                S1135-57272000000200003 S1135-5727(00)07400203
                45287b03-b8ce-4817-b8d2-9af6ededbc1f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

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                SciELO Spain

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
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                Injected Route,Trends of drugs consumption,Heroin addiction,Drug abuse,Tendencias,Vía Inyectada,Heroína

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