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      Osteology and postmetamorphic development ofTelmatobius oxycephalus(Anura: Telmatobiidae) with an analysis of skeletal variation in the genus

      Journal of Morphology
      Wiley-Blackwell

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          Enzyme clearing of alcian blue stained whole small vertebrates for demonstration of cartilage.

          Preparation of small vertebrates cleared after alcian blue staining of cartilage is facilitated by trypsin digestion. Specimens are fixed in formation, washed, skinned, and eviscerated. After staining in a solution of alcian blue in acetic acid-alcohol for 24-48 hours, they are transferred to water through graded alcohols. Excess alcian blue is removed over a period of up to three weeks by changes every 2-3 days of 1% trypsin in approximately one-third-saturated sodium borate. Bony tissues may be stained after this in a solution of alizarin red S in 0.5% KOH. Specimens are bleached if necessary and dehydrated through graded KOH-glycerine mixtures for storage in glycerine. Since alcohol treatment in addition to formalin fixation does not affect results with this method, it should be useful to researchers who want to study the cartilage or cartilaginous skeletons in museum specimens, which are routinely fixed in formalin and stored in alcohol.
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            A procedure for differential staining of cartilage and bone in whole formalin-fixed vertebrates.

            This paper describes a modification of the Simons and Van Horn (1971) procedure for rendering cartilage blue, bone red, and soft tissue translucent or transparent in whole vertebrate specimens. Alcian blue and alizarin red S are used to stain cartilage and bone respectively. In our procedure formalin is used as a fixative. This is a significant modification because formalin is the common fixative for museum specimens. This clearing and staining procedure is thus readily applicable to comparative studies in anatomy, embryology and systematic zoology.
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              Upward range extension of Andean anurans and chytridiomycosis to extreme elevations in response to tropical deglaciation

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Morphology
                J. Morphol.
                Wiley-Blackwell
                03622525
                January 2013
                January 01 2013
                : 274
                : 1
                : 73-96
                Article
                10.1002/jmor.20079
                45f6545d-747d-4603-bbb2-d84e1a2fba48
                © 2013

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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