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      Potassium transport and plant salt tolerance.

      1 ,
      Physiologia plantarum
      Wiley

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          Abstract

          Salinity is a major abiotic stress affecting approximately 7% of the world's total land area resulting in billion dollar losses in crop production around the globe. Recent progress in molecular genetics and plant electrophysiology suggests that the ability of a plant to maintain a high cytosolic K+/Na+ ratio appears to be critical to plant salt tolerance. So far, the major efforts of plant breeders have been aimed at improving this ratio by minimizing Na+ uptake and transport to shoot. In this paper, we discuss an alternative approach, reviewing the molecular and ionic mechanisms contributing to potassium homeostasis in salinized plant tissues and discussing prospects for breeding for salt tolerance by targeting this trait. Major K+ transporters and their functional expression under saline conditions are reviewed and the multiple modes of their control are evaluated, including ameliorative effects of compatible solutes, polyamines and supplemental calcium. Subsequently, the genetic aspects of inheritance of K+ transport 'markers' are discussed in the general context of salt tolerance as a polygenic trait. The molecular identity of 'salt tolerance' genes is analysed, and prospects for future research and breeding are examined.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Physiol Plant
          Physiologia plantarum
          Wiley
          1399-3054
          0031-9317
          Aug 2008
          : 133
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] School of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. sergey.shabala@utas.edu.au
          Article
          10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.01008.x
          18724408
          461f1579-d42d-4da4-993f-1a70497e30ee
          History

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