For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
7
views
32
references
 Top references
cited by
4
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      44
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Validated HPLC-MS/MS Method To Quantify Low Levels of Domoic Acid in Plasma and Urine after Subacute Exposure

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Domoic acid (DA) is a marine neurotoxin produced by several species of Pseudo-nitzschia. DA causes severe neurological toxicity in humans and animals. To address the current analytical need to quantify low levels of DA in human and animal body fluids, a sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to measure DA in plasma and urine. This method was fully validated to accurately and precisely quantify DA between 0.31 and 16 ng/mL in plasma and between 7.8 and 1000 ng/mL in urine. Our group introduced the use of a novel internal standard, tetrahydrodomoic acid to control for matrix effects and other sources of variability. This validated method will be useful to assess DA concentrations in biological samples of human or animal origin after suspected DA exposure from contaminated food. It will also be applicable to sentinel programs and research studies to analyze body fluids with low levels of DA.

          Related collections

          Most cited references32

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          An outbreak of toxic encephalopathy caused by eating mussels contaminated with domoic acid.

          J Hockin, Thomas E Todd, Robert S Remis … (1990)
          In Canada in late 1987 there was an outbreak of an acute illness characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and unusual neurologic abnormalities among persons who had eaten cultivated mussels. Health departments in Canada solicited reports of this newly recognized illness. A case was defined as the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms within 24 hours or of neurologic symptoms within 48 hours of the ingestion of mussels. From the more than 250 reports received, 107 patients met the case definition. The most common symptoms were vomiting (in 76 percent of the patients), abdominal cramps (50 percent), diarrhea (42 percent), headache, often described as incapacitating (43 percent), and loss of short-term memory (25 percent). Nineteen patients were hospitalized, of whom 12 required intensive care because of seizures, coma, profuse respiratory secretions, or unstable blood pressure. Male sex and increasing age were associated independently with the risks of hospitalization and memory loss. Three patients died. Mussels associated with this illness were traced to cultivation beds in three river estuaries on the eastern coast of Prince Edward Island. Domoic acid, which can act as an excitatory neurotransmitter, was identified in mussels left uneaten by the patients and in mussels sampled from these estuaries. The source of the domoic acid appears to have been a form of marine vegetation, Nitzschia pungens, also identified in these waters in late 1987. The contaminated mussels from Prince Edward Island were removed from the market, and no new cases have occurred since December 1987. We conclude that the cause of this outbreak of a novel and severe intoxication was the ingestion of mussels contaminated by domoic acid, a potent excitatory neurotransmitter.
          Article 0 comments Cited 98 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Domoic acid and human exposure risks: a review.

            Kathi A. Lefebvre, Alison Robertson (2010)
            Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin that is naturally produced by several diatom species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. The toxin acts as a glutamate agonist and is excitotoxic in the vertebrate central nervous system and other glutamate receptor-rich organs. Human exposure to domoic acid occurs via the consumption of contaminated shellfish that have accumulated the toxin while filter feeding on toxigenic phytoplankton during blooms. The first reported human domoic acid poisoning event occurred in Canada in 1987 during which clinical signs of acute toxicity such as gastrointestinal distress, confusion, disorientation, memory loss, coma and death were observed. The illness was named amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) and due to effective seafood monitoring programs there have been no documented ASP cases since 1987. However, domoic acid poisoning has a significant effect on marine wildlife and multiple poisoning events have occurred in marine birds and mammals over the last few decades. Currently, domoic acid producing diatom blooms are thought to be increasing in frequency world wide, posing an increasing threat to wildlife and human health. Of particular concern are the potential impacts of long-term low-level exposure in "at risk" human populations. The impacts of repetitive low-level domoic acid exposure are currently unknown. This review provides a basic description of the mechanism of action of domoic acid as well as a synthesis of information pertaining to domoic acid exposure routes, toxin susceptibility, and the importance of effective monitoring programs. The importance of investigating the potential human health impacts of long-term low-level domoic acid exposure in "at risk" human populations is also discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
            Article 0 comments Cited 42 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Novel symptomatology and changing epidemiology of domoic acid toxicosis in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus): an increasing risk to marine mammal health.

              Bryan Conrad, J A Barakos, Sophie Dennison … (2008)
              Harmful algal blooms are increasing worldwide, including those of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. producing domoic acid off the California coast. This neurotoxin was first shown to cause mortality of marine mammals in 1998. A decade of monitoring California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) health since then has indicated that changes in the symptomatology and epidemiology of domoic acid toxicosis in this species are associated with the increase in toxigenic blooms. Two separate clinical syndromes now exist: acute domoic acid toxicosis as has been previously documented, and a second novel neurological syndrome characterized by epilepsy described here associated with chronic consequences of previous sub-lethal exposure to the toxin. This study indicates that domoic acid causes chronic damage to California sea lions and that these health effects are increasing.
              Article 0 comments Cited 39 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): ACS Omega
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): ACS Omega
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ao
                Journal ID (coden): acsodf
                Title: ACS Omega
                Publisher: American Chemical Society
                ISSN (Electronic): 2470-1343
                Publication date (Electronic): 27 September 2018
                Publication date (Print): 30 September 2018
                Volume: 3
                Issue: 9
                Pages: 12079-12088
                Affiliations
                [1] †Department of Pharmaceutics, ‡Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, §Washington National Primate Research Center, ∥Center on Human Development and Disability, and ⊥Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington , Health Sciences Building, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
                Author notes
                [* ]E-mail: ni2@ 123456uw.edu . Phone: (206) 543-2517. Fax: (206) 543-3204.
                Article
                DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02115
                PMC ID: 6175497
                SO-VID: 4632cb00-be18-4604-b661-96160dcd1bcd
                Copyright © Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society
                License:

                This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.

                History
                Date received : 20 August 2018
                Date accepted : 12 September 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Article
                Custom metadata
                document-id-old-9 ao8b02115
                document-id-new-14 ao-2018-02115h
                ccc-price

                Data availability:

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content44

                See all similar

                Cited by4

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors424

                See all reference authors