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      Show me a man or a woman alone and I'll show you a saint: Changes in the frequency of criminal incidents during the COVID-19 pandemic

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          To investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the frequency of various crime types (property, violent, and mischief) in Vancouver, Canada.

          Methods

          Crime data representing residential burglary, commercial burglary, theft of vehicle, theft from vehicle, theft, violence, and mischief are analysed at the city level using interrupted time series techniques.

          Results

          While COVID-19 has not had an impact on all crime types, statistically significant change has been identified in a number of cases. Depending on the crime type, the magnitude and direction of the change in frequency varies. It is argued that (mandated) social restrictions, shifted activity patterns and opportunity structures which are responsible for these findings.

          Conclusions

          We find support for changes in the frequency of particular crime types during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is important for criminal justice and social service practitioners when operating within an extraordinary event.

          Highlights

          • We investigate the relationship between COVID-19 and crime.

          • We use the Hodrick-Prescott filter and interrupted time series analysis.

          • Changes in trends because of COVID-19 vary by crime type.

          • Social restrictions shifted activity p B12atterns and impacted crime trends.

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          Most cited references38

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          Tests of Equality Between Sets of Coefficients in Two Linear Regressions

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            Postwar U.S. Business Cycles: An Empirical Investigation

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              Impact of social distancing during COVID-19 pandemic on crime in Los Angeles and Indianapolis

              Governments have implemented social distancing measures to address the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The measures include instructions that individuals maintain social distance when in public, school closures, limitations on gatherings and business operations, and instructions to remain at home. Social distancing may have an impact on the volume and distribution of crime. Crimes such as residential burglary may decrease as a byproduct of increased guardianship over personal space and property. Crimes such as domestic violence may increase because of extended periods of contact between potential offenders and victims. Understanding the impact of social distancing on crime is critical for ensuring the safety of police and government capacity to deal with the evolving crisis. Understanding how social distancing policies impact crime may also provide insights into whether people are complying with public health measures. Examination of the most recently available data from both Los Angeles, CA, and Indianapolis, IN, shows that social distancing has had a statistically significant impact on a few specific crime types. However, the overall effect is notably less than might be expected given the scale of the disruption to social and economic life.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Crim Justice
                J Crim Justice
                Journal of Criminal Justice
                The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
                0047-2352
                0047-2352
                20 June 2020
                July-August 2020
                20 June 2020
                : 69
                : 101706
                Affiliations
                [a ]School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt Campus, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, QLD 4122, Australia
                [b ]School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Dr, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. t.hodgkinson@ 123456griffith.edu.au
                Article
                S0047-2352(20)30200-2 101706
                10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101706
                7305509
                32834176
                467487c6-c287-4fd0-8060-f1fa99485886
                © 2020 The Author(s)

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                : 25 April 2020
                : 10 June 2020
                : 11 June 2020
                Categories
                Article

                pandemic,extraordinary event,crime,covid-19,canada
                pandemic, extraordinary event, crime, covid-19, canada

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