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      Relationship between Internet addiction, susceptible personality traits, and suicidal and self-harm ideation in Chinese adolescent students

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          Abstract

          Background and aims

          Internet addiction (IA) is common among young students. This study aimed to examine the influence and mechanisms of IA and susceptible personality traits on the impact of suicidal ideation in adolescent students in China.

          Methods

          This cross-sectional study (09/2012–09/2015) used stratified cluster sampling with “school type” for stratification; 136,266 students from 63 schools completed the questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of IA (Young's Internet Addiction Test) and susceptible personality (Barratt impulsiveness scale, Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire; and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-R Short Scale) on suicidal ideation (Scale of Suicidal Ideation).

          Results

          Suicidal ideation was observed in 20,218 (14.77%) of the students, and IA was detected in 28,836 (21.16%) subjects. Compared with those without IA, students with IA had a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation ( P < 0.0001). No planning impulsiveness had a predictive effect on suicidal ideation in the impulsive personality trait, while in the aggressive personality trait, hostility and self-aggression had a predictive effect on suicidal ideation (all P < 0.0001). High psychoticism and neuroticism were impact factors for suicidal ideation, but extroversion was a protective factor (all P < 0.0001).

          Discussion

          These results highlight the importance of assessing personality traits and reducing IA as a possible means of lessening suicidal ideation. Susceptible personality (such as high psychoticism, high neuroticism, and low extroversion) play a prominent role in influencing the probability of having suicidal behavior among those recently exposed to IA.

          Conclusions

          IA and susceptible personality traits were significantly correlated with suicidal and self-harm ideation among adolescent students.

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          Most cited references43

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          Suicide, Suicide Attempts, and Suicidal Ideation

          E Klonsky, Alexis May, Boaz Y. Saffer (2016)
          Suicidal behavior is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Fortunately, recent developments in suicide theory and research promise to meaningfully advance knowledge and prevention. One key development is the ideation-to-action framework, which stipulates that (a) the development of suicidal ideation and (b) the progression from ideation to suicide attempts are distinct phenomena with distinct explanations and predictors. A second key development is a growing body of research distinguishing factors that predict ideation from those that predict suicide attempts. For example, it is becoming clear that depression, hopelessness, most mental disorders, and even impulsivity predict ideation, but these factors struggle to distinguish those who have attempted suicide from those who have only considered suicide. Means restriction is also emerging as a highly effective way to block progression from ideation to attempt. A third key development is the proliferation of theories of suicide that are positioned within the ideation-to-action framework. These include the interpersonal theory, the integrated motivational-volitional model, and the three-step theory. These perspectives can and should inform the next generation of suicide research and prevention.
          Article 0 comments Cited 375 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Suicide rates in China, 1995-99.

            Michael R Phillips, Xianyun Li, Yanping Zhang (2002)
            A wide range of suicide rates are reported for China because official mortality data are based on an unrepresentative sample and because different reports adjust crude rates in different ways. We aimed to present an accurate picture of the current pattern of suicide in China on the basis of conservative estimates of suicide rates in different population cohorts. Suicide rates by sex, 5-year age-group, and region (urban or rural) reported in mortality data for 1995-99 provided by the Chinese Ministry of Health were adjusted according to an estimated rate of unreported deaths and projected to the corresponding population. We estimated a mean annual suicide rate of 23 per 100,000 and a total of 287,000 suicide deaths per year. Suicide accounted for 3(.)6% of all deaths in China and was the fifth most important cause of death. Among young adults 15-34 years of age, suicide was the leading cause of death, accounting for 19% of all deaths. The rate in women was 25% higher than in men, mainly because of the large number of suicides in young rural women. Rural rates were three times higher than urban rates-a difference that remained true for both sexes, for all age-groups, and over time. Suicide is a major public-health problem for China that is only gradually being recognised. The unique pattern of suicides in China is widely acknowledged, so controversy about the overall suicide rate should not delay the development and testing of China-specific suicide-prevention programmes.
            Article 0 comments Cited 180 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Internet over-users' psychological profiles: a behavior sampling analysis on internet addiction.

              Leo Whang, Sujin Lee, Geunyoung Chang (2003)
              What kinds of psychological features do people have when they are overly involved in usage of the internet? Internet users in Korea were investigated in terms of internet over-use and related psychological profiles by the level of internet use. We used a modified Young's Internet Addiction Scale, and 13,588 users (7,878 males, 5,710 females), out of 20 million from a major portal site in Korea, participated in this study. Among the sample, 3.5% had been diagnosed as internet addicts (IA), while 18.4% of them were classified as possible internet addicts (PA). The Internet Addiction Scale showed a strong relationship with dysfunctional social behaviors. More IA tried to escape from reality than PA and Non-addicts (NA). When they got stressed out by work or were just depressed, IA showed a high tendency to access the internet. The IA group also reported the highest degree of loneliness, depressed mood, and compulsivity compared to the other groups. The IA group seemed to be more vulnerable to interpersonal dangers than others, showing an unusually close feeling for strangers. Further study is needed to investigate the direct relationship between psychological well-being and internet dependency.
              Article 0 comments Cited 129 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Li Kuang
                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): 2006
                Title: Journal of Behavioral Addictions
                Abbreviated Title: JBA
                Publisher: Akadémiai Kiadó (Budapest )
                ISSN (Print): 2062-5871
                ISSN (Electronic): 2063-5303
                Publication date (Print): 12 October 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 23 July 2020
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 676-685
                Affiliations
                [1 ] deptDepartment of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, China
                [2 ] deptMental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, China
                [3 ] departmentGCP Office, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital , Chongqing, China
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. E-mail: kuangli0308@ 123456163.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00032
                SO-VID: 46abff12-9696-4e76-9305-d902afd46bc3
                Copyright © © 2020 The Author(s)
                License:

                Open Access statement. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the CC License is provided, and changes – if any – are indicated.

                History
                Date received : 15 May 2019
                Date: 28 February 2020
                Date: 30 April 2020
                Date accepted : 04 May 2020
                Page count
                Tables: 6, Equations: 0, References: 43, Pages: 10
                Funding
                Funded by: Chongqing Health and Family Planning Committee
                Award ID: 2018QNXM014
                Award ID: 2017MSXM016
                Funded by: Chongqing Science and Technology Commission
                Award ID: cstc2018jcyjAX0164
                Funded by: First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
                Award ID: PYJJ2018-20
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 81671360
                Categories
                Subject: Full-Length Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine,Psychology,Social & Behavioral Sciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: adolescent students,personality,addiction,Internet,suicidal ideation,aggressiveness
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine, Psychology, Social & Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: adolescent students, personality, addiction, Internet, suicidal ideation, aggressiveness

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