9
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      MHC-associated Baylisascaris schroederi load informs the giant panda reintroduction program

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Reintroducing captive giant pandas ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca) to the wild is the ultimate goal of their ex situ conservation. Choosing higher fitness candidates to train prior to release is the first step in the giant panda reintroduction program. Disease resistance is one important index of individual fitness and presumed to be related to variation at major histocompatibility complex genes (MHC). Here, we used seven polymorphic functional MHC genes ( Aime-C, Aime-I, Aime-L, Aime-DQA1, Aime-DQA2, Aime-DQB1 and Aime-DRB3) and estimate their relationship with Baylisascaris schroederi (Ascarididae) infection in giant panda. We found that DQA1 heterozygous pandas were less frequently infected than homozygotes. The presence of one MHC genotype and one MHC allele were also associated with B. schroederi infection: Aime-C*0203 and Aime-L*08 were both associated with B. schroederi resistance. Our results indicate that both heterozygosity and certain MHC variants are important for panda disease resistance, and should therefore be considered in future reintroduction programs for this species alongside conventional selection criteria (such as physical condition and pedigree-based information).

          Graphical abstract

          Highlights

          • MHC heterozygous pandas were less frequently infected by Baylisascaris schroederi than homozygotes .

          • Presence of Aime-C*0203 and Aime-L*08 are associated with Baylisascaris schroederi resistance .

          • MHC types are important for panda parasite resistance.

          Related collections

          Most cited references33

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          HLA and HIV-1: heterozygote advantage and B*35-Cw*04 disadvantage.

          A selective advantage against infectious disease associated with increased heterozygosity at the human major histocompatibility complex [human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II] is believed to play a major role in maintaining the extraordinary allelic diversity of these genes. Maximum HLA heterozygosity of class I loci (A, B, and C) delayed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) onset among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1), whereas individuals who were homozygous for one or more loci progressed rapidly to AIDS and death. The HLA class I alleles B*35 and Cw*04 were consistently associated with rapid development of AIDS-defining conditions in Caucasians. The extended survival of 28 to 40 percent of HIV-1-infected Caucasian patients who avoided AIDS for ten or more years can be attributed to their being fully heterozygous at HLA class I loci, to their lacking the AIDS-associated alleles B*35 and Cw*04, or to both.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Enhanced immunological surveillance in mice heterozygous at the H-2 gene complex.

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              MHC heterozygosity confers a selective advantage against multiple-strain infections.

              Genetic heterozygosity is thought to enhance resistance of hosts to infectious diseases, but few tests of this idea exist. In particular, heterozygosity at the MHC, the highly polymorphic loci that control immunological recognition of pathogens, is suspected to confer a selective advantage by enhancing resistance to infectious diseases (the "heterozygote advantage" hypothesis). To test this hypothesis, we released mice into large population enclosures and challenged them with multiple strains of Salmonella and one of Listeria. We found that during Salmonella infections with three avirulent strains, MHC heterozygotes had greater survival and weight than homozygotes (unlike sham controls), and they were more likely to clear chronic Salmonella infection than homozygotes. In laboratory experiments, we found that MHC heterozygosity enhanced the clearance of multiple-strain Salmonella infections. Yet, contrary to what is widely assumed, the benefits of heterozygosity were due to resistance being dominant rather than overdominant, i.e., heterozygotes were more resistant than the average of parental homozygotes, but they were not more resistant than both. The fact that MHC heterozygotes were more resistant to infection and had higher fitness than homozygotes provides a functional explanation for MHC-disassortative mating preferences.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl
                Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl
                International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife
                Elsevier
                2213-2244
                28 May 2020
                August 2020
                28 May 2020
                : 12
                : 113-120
                Affiliations
                [a ]Sichuan Province Laboratory for Natural Resources Protection and Sustainable Utilization, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, China
                [b ]Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
                [c ]China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Dujiangyan, Sichuan, China
                [d ]College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
                [e ]College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, No. 98 Tongjiang Road, Dujiangyan, 611800, Sichuan Province, China. wolong_whl@ 123456163.com
                [∗∗ ]Corresponding author. China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, No. 98 Tongjiang Road, Dujiangyan, 611800, Sichuan Province, China. wolong_zhm@ 123456163.com
                Article
                S2213-2244(20)30053-5
                10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.05.010
                7283101
                32528846
                4776d9a1-b420-44fa-8c24-649f39d73523
                © 2020 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 15 April 2020
                : 24 May 2020
                : 24 May 2020
                Categories
                Article

                mhc type,mhc heterozygosity,baylisascaris schroederi,reintroduction program

                Comments

                Comment on this article