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      Collagen of Extracellular Matrix from Marine Invertebrates and Its Medical Applications

      review-article
      Author(s): 1 , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Marine Drugs
      Publisher: MDPI
      Keywords: collagen, chitin, corals, extracellular matrix, marine invertebrates, marine proteins

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          Abstract

          The extraction and purification of collagen are of great interest due to its biological function and medicinal applications. Although marine invertebrates are abundant in the animal kingdom, our knowledge of their extracellular matrix (ECM), which mainly contains collagen, is lacking. The functions of collagen isolated from marine invertebrates remain an untouched source of the proteinaceous component in the development of groundbreaking pharmaceuticals. This review will give an overview of currently used collagens and their future applications, as well as the methodological issues of collagens from marine invertebrates for potential drug discovery.

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          Skeleton of Euplectella sp.: structural hierarchy from the nanoscale to the macroscale.

          Joanna Aizenberg, James C Weaver, Monica S Thanawala … (2005)
          Structural materials in nature exhibit remarkable designs with building blocks, often hierarchically arranged from the nanometer to the macroscopic length scales. We report on the structural properties of biosilica observed in the hexactinellid sponge Euplectella sp. Consolidated, nanometer-scaled silica spheres are arranged in well-defined microscopic concentric rings glued together by organic matrix to form laminated spicules. The assembly of these spicules into bundles, effected by the laminated silica-based cement, results in the formation of a macroscopic cylindrical square-lattice cagelike structure reinforced by diagonal ridges. The ensuing design overcomes the brittleness of its constituent material, glass, and shows outstanding mechanical rigidity and stability. The mechanical benefits of each of seven identified hierarchical levels and their comparison with common mechanical engineering strategies are discussed.
          Article 0 comments Cited 249 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Chitin and collagen as universal and alternative templates in biomineralization

            Hermann Ehrlich (2010)
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              Marine Polysaccharides: A Source of Bioactive Molecules for Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering

              Karim Senni, Jéssica Pereira, Farida Gueniche … (2011)
              The therapeutic potential of natural bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, especially glycosaminoglycans, is now well documented, and this activity combined with natural biodiversity will allow the development of a new generation of therapeutics. Advances in our understanding of the biosynthesis, structure and function of complex glycans from mammalian origin have shown the crucial role of this class of molecules to modulate disease processes and the importance of a deeper knowledge of structure-activity relationships. Marine environment offers a tremendous biodiversity and original polysaccharides have been discovered presenting a great chemical diversity that is largely species specific. The study of the biological properties of the polysaccharides from marine eukaryotes and marine prokaryotes revealed that the polysaccharides from the marine environment could provide a valid alternative to traditional polysaccharides such as glycosaminoglycans. Marine polysaccharides present a real potential for natural product drug discovery and for the delivery of new marine derived products for therapeutic applications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Mar Drugs
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Mar Drugs
                Journal ID (publisher-id): marinedrugs
                Title: Marine Drugs
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1660-3397
                Publication date (Electronic): 14 February 2019
                Publication date Collection: February 2019
                Volume: 17
                Issue: 2
                Electronic Location Identifier: 118
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; aziz@ 123456climatechangeresearch.ca or mazizur.rahman@ 123456utoronto.ca ; Tel.: +1-647-892-4221
                [2 ]Center for Climate Change Research, Toronto, ON M4P 1J4, Canada
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7648-8642
                Article
                Publisher ID: marinedrugs-17-00118
                DOI: 10.3390/md17020118
                PMC ID: 6410095
                PubMed ID: 30769916
                SO-VID: 47db640a-4672-4a46-8648-224d172ec858
                Copyright © © 2019 by the author.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 22 December 2018
                Date accepted : 05 February 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: collagen,chitin,corals,extracellular matrix,marine invertebrates,marine proteins
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: collagen, chitin, corals, extracellular matrix, marine invertebrates, marine proteins

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