The river Zolotitsa is located in what is now Arkhangelsk province and flows into the White Sea. In 1980, geologists discovered a diamond deposit 100 kilometers north of Arkhangelsk, at a bend in the Zolotitsa river. Open-pit mining began in 2005. This led to a severe transformation of the landscape and is threatening to destroy the ecosystem of the upper Zolotitsa region.