Perceived social support, resilience and consumption of psychoactive substances amongst inmates in prisons

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ABSTRACT

Objectives

To determine the influence of perceived social support and resilience in the use of alcohol and other drugs amongst female inmates.

Material and method

A cross-sectional study with 174 inmates was conducted in two prisons in the Region of Murcia. A self-administered questionnaire was used, which included socio-demographic, prison, alcohol and other drug consumption, perceived social support and resilience variables.

Results

28.2% of the inmates consumed at least one of the substances analyzed (alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, heroin and/or tranquillizers without medical prescription) in prison. The female consumers showed significantly lower levels of perceived social support and resilience, compared to the counterparts who did not consume in prison.

Discussion

Findings show how perceived social support and resilience are factors of protection against substance use in prison, and these can be incorporated in future prevention programs for the consumption of alcohol and other drugs during imprisonment.

RESUMEN

Objetivos

Determinar la influencia del apoyo social percibido y la resiliencia en el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas en mujeres privadas de libertad.

Material y método

Estudio transversal con 174 internas en dos establecimientos penitenciarios de la Región de Murcia. Se utilizó un cuestionario autosuministrado incluyendo variables sociodemográficas, penitenciarias, consumo de alcohol y otras drogas, apoyo social percibido y resiliencia.

Resultados

El 28,2% de las internas consumió al menos una de las sustancias analizadas (alcohol, cannabis, cocaína, heroína y/o tranquilizantes sin receta médica) en prisión. Las internas consumidoras mostraban significativamente menor nivel de apoyo social percibido y de resiliencia, respecto a aquellas que no consumían en prisión.

Discusión

Los resultados reflejan cómo el apoyo social percibido y la resiliencia son factores de protección ante el consumo en prisión, pudiendo ser incorporados estos en futuros programas de prevención de consumo de alcohol y otras drogas durante la pena privativa de libertad.

Related collections

Most cited references 10

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The MOS social support survey.

C D Sherbourne, A L Stewart (1991)

This paper describes the development and evaluation of a brief, multidimensional, self-administered, social support survey that was developed for patients in the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), a two-year study of patients with chronic conditions. This survey was designed to be comprehensive in terms of recent thinking about the various dimensions of social support. In addition, it was designed to be distinct from other related measures. We present a summary of the major conceptual issues considered when choosing items for the social support battery, describe the items, and present findings based on data from 2987 patients (ages 18 and older). Multitrait scaling analyses supported the dimensionality of four functional support scales (emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, and positive social interaction) and the construction of an overall functional social support index. These support measures are distinct from structural measures of social support and from related health measures. They are reliable (all Alphas greater than 0.91), and are fairly stable over time. Selected construct validity hypotheses were supported.

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Peer pressure and alcohol use in young men: a mediation analysis of drinking motives.

Yves Henchoz, Gerhard Gmel, Stéphane Deline … (2014)

Peer pressure (PP) has been shown to play a major role in the development and continuation of alcohol use and misuse. To date, almost all the studies investigating the association of PP with alcohol use only considered the PP for misconduct but largely ignored other aspects of PP, such as pressure for peer involvement and peer conformity. Moreover, it is not clear whether the association of PP with alcohol use is direct or mediated by other factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of different aspects of peer pressure (PP) with drinking volume (DV) and risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD), and to explore whether these associations were mediated by drinking motives (DM). A representative sample of 5521 young Swiss men, aged around 20 years old, completed a questionnaire assessing their usual weekly DV, the frequency of RSOD, DM (i.e. enhancement, social, coping, and conformity motives), and 3 aspects of PP (i.e. misconduct, peer involvement, and peer conformity). Associations between PP and alcohol outcomes (DV and RSOD) as well as the mediation of DM were tested using structural equation models. Peer pressure to misconduct was associated with more alcohol use, whereas peer involvement and peer conformity were associated with less alcohol use. Associations of drinking outcomes with PP to misconduct and peer involvement were partially mediated by enhancement and coping motives, while the association with peer conformity was partially mediated by enhancement and conformity motives. Results suggest that PP to misconduct constitutes a risk factor, while peer conformity and peer involvement reflect protective factors with regard to alcohol use. Moreover, results from the mediation analyses suggest that part of the association of PP with alcohol use came indirectly through DM: PP was associated with DM, which in turn were associated with alcohol use. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Evaluating the mediating effects of social support upon life events and depressive symptoms.

Rachel Stephenson, B Leroy, R Bell (1982)

Previous research has yielded inconsistent results regarding the mediating effects of social support upon psychiatric illness. Using data (N = 2029) gathered as part of a major epidemiologic study in the southeastern United States, the authors examine the relationships among depressive symptoms, social support, stressful life events, and socioeconomic status. As anticipated, direct effects were found for social support, stressful life events, and socioeconomic status upon depressive symptoms. However, when the data were analyzed via three-way analysis of variance and multiple regression (including all possible interaction terms) analysis, no statistically significant interactive effects were found. The authors conclude that these findings clearly demonstrate direct effects of social support and stressful life events upon depressive symptoms. Respondents in the lower social support groups experience the greatest impact of stressful life events; in contrast, persons in high social support groups, although evidencing increased symptom scores with increasing numbers of life events, experience the buffering effect of social support by showing less severe distress.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Rev Esp Sanid Penit

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Rev Esp Sanid Penit

Journal ID (publisher-id): sanipe

Title: Revista Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria

Publisher: Sociedad Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria

ISSN (Print): 1575-0620

ISSN (Electronic): 2013-6463

Publication date (Electronic, collection): May-Aug 2020

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 10 July 2020

Volume: 22

Issue: 2

Pages: 75-79

Affiliations

[1 ] originalSocial Work and Social Services Area, Department of Psychology, Universidad de Jaén. Jaén. orgdiv2Social Work and Social Services Area orgdiv1Department of Psychology orgnameUniversidad de Jaén Jaén,

[2 ] originalDepartment of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment. Universidad de Murcia. Murcia. orgdiv1Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment orgnameUniversidad de Murcia Murcia,

Author notes

Correspondence: Francisco Caravaca-Sánchez, Dpto. de Trabajo Social y Servicios Sociales, Carretera de Écija 1, Edificio 10. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. 41013, Sevilla. E-mail: fcarsan@ 123456upo.es .

Article

DOI: 10.18176/resp.00013

PMC ID: 7537361

PubMed ID: 32697277

SO-VID: 48825153-df12-4b21-aa2b-60c0ac27ff6d

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

History

Date received : 08 July 2019

Date accepted : 12 November 2019

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 05

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Perceived social support, resilience and consumption of psychoactive substances amongst inmates in prisons Translated title: Apoyo social percibido, resiliencia y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en internas en establecimientos penitenciarios

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ABSTRACT

Objectives

Material and method

Results

Discussion

RESUMEN

Related collections

SciELO Spain

Most cited references 10

The MOS social support survey.

Peer pressure and alcohol use in young men: a mediation analysis of drinking motives.

Evaluating the mediating effects of social support upon life events and depressive symptoms.

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Cited by 3

Most referenced authors 123