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      Influence of the Magnetic Field Strength on Image Contrast in Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR Imaging: Comparison between 1.5T and 3.0T

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          Abstract

          Purpose:

          We quantitatively investigated hepatic enhancement in gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 1.5T and 3.0T.

          Methods:

          A total of 40 patients who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging were included in the study. Precontrast and hepatobiliary-phase images acquired at a low flip angle (FA, 12°) and hepatobiliary-phase images acquired at a high FA (30°) were analyzed. From these images, the liver-to-muscle signal intensity ratio (LMR) and liver-to-spleen signal intensity ratio (LSR) were estimated, and the contrast enhancement ratio (CER) was calculated from the liver signal, LMR, and LSR as the ratio of the low-FA hepatobiliary-phase value to the precontrast value. The coefficient of variance in the liver signal was determined to represent image noise.

          Results:

          LMR and LSR indicated similar image contrast between 1.5T and 3.0T. A higher FA provided larger LMRs and LSRs, and the degree of the FA-dependent increase was similar between 1.5T and 3.0T. CER did not differ significantly between 1.5T and 3.0T, regardless of the calculation method. A better correlation to CER calculated from the liver signal was found for the LMR-based CER values than for the LSR-based CER. The coefficient of variance in the liver signal was significantly smaller at 3.0T for precontrast and low-FA hepatobiliary-phase images, but not for high-FA hepatobiliary-phase images.

          Conclusion:

          The indices of hepatic enhancement were similar between 1.5T and 3.0T, indicating that the magnetic field strength does not substantially influence image contrast after administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA.

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          Most cited references23

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          MR imaging relaxation times of abdominal and pelvic tissues measured in vivo at 3.0 T: preliminary results.

          Neil Rofsky, D Alsop, Alex de Crespigny … (2004)
          To measure T1 and T2 relaxation times of normal human abdominal and pelvic tissues and lumbar vertebral bone marrow at 3.0 T. Relaxation time was measured in six healthy volunteers with an inversion-recovery method and different inversion times and a multiple spin-echo (SE) technique with different echo times to measure T1 and T2, respectively. Six images were acquired during one breath hold with a half-Fourier acquisition single-shot fast SE sequence. Signal intensities in regions of interest were fit to theoretical curves. Measurements were performed at 1.5 and 3.0 T. Relaxation times at 1.5 T were compared with those reported in the literature by using a one-sample t test. Differences in mean relaxation time between 1.5 and 3.0 T were analyzed with a two-sample paired t test. Relaxation times (mean +/- SD) at 3.0 T are reported for kidney cortex (T1, 1,142 msec +/- 154; T2, 76 msec +/- 7), kidney medulla (T1, 1,545 msec +/- 142; T2, 81 msec +/- 8), liver (T1, 809 msec +/- 71; T2, 34 msec +/- 4), spleen (T1, 1,328 msec +/- 31; T2, 61 msec +/- 9), pancreas (T1, 725 msec +/- 71; T2, 43 msec +/- 7), paravertebral muscle (T1, 898 msec +/- 33; T2, 29 msec +/- 4), bone marrow in L4 vertebra (T1, 586 msec +/- 73; T2, 49 msec +/- 4), subcutaneous fat (T1, 382 msec +/- 13; T2, 68 msec +/- 4), prostate (T1, 1,597 msec +/- 42; T2, 74 msec +/- 9), myometrium (T1, 1,514 msec +/- 156; T2, 79 msec +/- 10), endometrium (T1, 1,453 msec +/- 123; T2, 59 msec +/- 1), and cervix (T1, 1,616 msec +/- 61; T2, 83 msec +/- 7). On average, T1 relaxation times were 21% longer (P .05) in T1 relaxation time between the results of this study and the results of other studies for liver, kidney, spleen, and muscle tissue were found. T1 relaxation times are generally higher and T2 relaxation times are generally lower at 3.0 T than at 1.5 T, but the magnitude of change varies greatly in different tissues. Copyright RSNA, 2004
          Article 0 comments Cited 122 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Hepatic uptake of the magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent Gd-EOB-DTPA: role of human organic anion transporters.

            Werner Weitschies, Jia-jia Gao, Markus Grube … (2010)
            Contrast-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging with the liver-specific agent gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) has been shown to improve the detection rate of focal lesions. There is evidence from preclinical studies that multidrug organic anion transporters are involved in hepatic uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA. Therefore, we evaluated affinity of the contrast agent to human organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1) and to the Na(+)/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) using stable transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. In competition assays, Gd-EOB-DTPA inhibited the uptake of bromosulfophthalein (BSP) by OATP1B1 (IC(50) = 0.6 mM) and OATP1B3 (IC(50) = 0.4 mM). In comparison, the IC(50) values for rifampicin were 11.9 (OATP1B1), 1.4 (OATP1B3), and 80.5 muM (OATP2B1), respectively. Uptake of BSP by OATP2B1, uptake of taurocholic acid by NTCP, and viability of all HEK cells were not influenced by Gd-EOB-DTPA in concentrations up to 10 mM. In uptake assays using a new liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification, Gd-EOB-DTPA was a substrate for OATP1B1 (K(m) = 0.7 mM, V(max) = 10.5 pmol/mg x min), OATP1B3 (K(m) = 4.1 mM, V(max) = 22.7 pmol/mg x min), and NTCP (K(m) = 0.04 mM, V(max) = 1.4 pmol/mg x min). The uptake by OATP2B1 was not different from the vector control. In conclusion, Gd-EOB-DTPA is a substrate of the liver-specific OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and NTCP.
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              Gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI of the liver: part 1, protocol optimization and lesion appearance in the noncirrhotic liver.

              Daniela Husarik, Elmar M Merkle, Claude Sirlin … (2010)
              The purpose of this article is to review the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of gadoxetate disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA), to describe a workflow-optimized pulse sequence protocol, and to illustrate the imaging appearance of focal lesions in the noncirrhotic liver. Gd-EOB-DTPA allows a comprehensive evaluation of the liver with the acquisition of both dynamic and hepatocyte phase images. This provides potential additional information, especially for the detection and characterization of small liver lesions. However, protocol optimization is necessary for improved image quality and workflow.
              Article 0 comments Cited 57 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Magn Reson Med Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Magn Reson Med Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): mrms
                Title: Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences
                Publisher: Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
                ISSN (Print): 1347-3182
                ISSN (Electronic): 1880-2206
                Publication date Collection: 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): 28 April 2016
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 109-114
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital
                [2 ]Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author, Phone: +81-42-778-8111, Fax: +81-42-778-9436, E-mail: inoueys34@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: mrms-16-109
                DOI: 10.2463/mrms.mp.2015-0158
                PMC ID: 5600069
                PubMed ID: 27151747
                SO-VID: 488886e1-ed66-4afb-a012-134326a30a5c
                Copyright © © 2016 Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives International License.

                History
                Date received : 10 December 2015
                Date accepted : 30 March 2016
                Categories
                Subject: Major Paper

                Keywords: gd-eob-dtpa,magnetic field strength,quantitative evaluation,image contrast,contrast enhancement
                Data availability:
                Keywords: gd-eob-dtpa, magnetic field strength, quantitative evaluation, image contrast, contrast enhancement

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