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      RENATA study—Latin American prospective experience: clinical outcome of patients treated with palbociclib in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer—real-world use

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          Abstract

          Background

          In hormone receptor-positive, HER-2 negative (HR+/HER2−) advanced breast cancer (ABC) endocrine therapy (ET) plus cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in first and second line improved progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and clinical benefit rate (CB) without deterioration in quality of life compared with ET alone. In addition, recent data showed improvement in overall survival (OS) for premenopausal women in first line setting and for different subgroups of patients in second line. Since 2015, in Argentina, the combination of ET with CDK4/6i is a standard of care in HR+/HER2− ABC.

          Methods

          We carried out a prospective analysis of real-world use of palbociclib with ET in HR+/HER2− ABC patients who received treatment between October 2015 and August 2019 in two private institutes from Buenos Aires, Argentina. The aims of the study were to determine efficacy and safety of patients treated with ET and palbociclib, describe patient profile and treatment strategy beyond progression.

          Results

          One-hundred and twenty-eight patients were included in the final analysis. Main baseline characteristics include, median age 57 years, 20% were premenopausal women, 44% had visceral metastasis and 26% bone only disease. More than half of patients had two or more metastatic sites, 44.4% had performance status 1, and most of them (59.4%) were treated with palbociclib in first-line setting. Palbociclib was preferentially associated with aromatase inhibitors in 63.9% of patients, and with fulvestrant in the remaining. All premenopausal women received ovarian suppression or ovarian ablation (OS/OA). The median PFS was 36.7 months in first line and 24.2 months in second line. The ORR was 45.3% and 25.0% in first and second line, respectively. The median OS in the entire population was not reached. Half of patients did not require dose interruption and/or delay, dose reduction was required in 15% of patients and almost no patients required drug discontinuation (2.0%). With regard to safety, 55% of patients developed grade 3–4 adverse events, 20% neutropenia grade 3–4, and 7% febrile neutropenia. Infections were presented in one out of three patients, mostly uncomplicated.

          Conclusions

          This is the first prospective evidence of real-world use of palbociclib in a Latin American population. We found similar outcomes to the PALOMA-2 and PALOMA-3 randomised trials and Real-World Data already published, with lower incidence of side effects and treatment discontinuation, but with higher incidence of febrile neutropenia.

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          Most cited references4

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          Optimal management of hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer in 2016.

          Hormone receptor positive tumors represent the most common form of breast cancer and account for most of the deaths from the disease. Endocrine therapy represents the main initial therapeutic strategy for these patients and has been associated with significant clinical benefits in a majority of patients. While in early stages endocrine therapy is administered as part of a curative approach once clinical metastases develop, the disease is considered incurable and the main management objectives are tumor control and quality of life. The two major clinical paradigms of always indicating endocrine therapy in the absence of visceral crises and sequencing endocrine treatments have been guiding our therapeutic approach to these patients. However, for many decades, we have delivered endocrine therapy with a 'one size fits all' approach by applying agents that interfere with hormone receptor signaling equally in every clinical patient scenario. We have been unable to incorporate the well-known biologic principle of different degrees of hormone receptor dependency in our therapeutic recommendations. Recent developments in the understanding of molecular interactions of hormone signaling with other important growth factor, metabolic and cell division pathways have opened the possibility of improving results by modulating hormone signaling and interfering with resistance mechanisms yet to be fully understood. Unfortunately, limitations in the design of trials conducted in this area have made it difficult to develop predictive biomarkers and most of the new combinations with targeted agents, even though showing improvements in clinical endpoints, have been directed to an unselected population of patients. In this review we explore some of the current and most relevant literature in the management of hormone receptor positive advance breast cancer.
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            Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes among patients receiving palbociclib in combination with an aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant for HR+/HER2-negative advanced/metastatic breast cancer in real-world settings in the US: Results from the IRIS study

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              Long-term Pooled Safety Analysis of Palbociclib in Combination With Endocrine Therapy for HR+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer

              Abstract Background Palbociclib administered with endocrine therapy was tolerable when the overall incidence of toxicities was assessed separately for three PALOMA studies. This study analyzed pooled, longer-term PALOMA safety data longitudinally. Methods Data were pooled from three randomized phase II and III studies (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00721409, NCT01740427, NCT01942135) of hormone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‒negative advanced breast cancer patients. Front-line patients were randomly assigned to receive letrozole with/without palbociclib (PALOMA-1) or letrozole plus palbociclib/placebo (PALOMA-2). In PALOMA-3, patients with prior endocrine resistance received fulvestrant plus palbociclib/placebo. The cumulative event rates of adverse events (AEs), reporting up to 50 months of treatment, were assessed over time. Results Patients who received endocrine therapy (n = 1343) were included in this pooled analysis (872 were also treated with palbociclib, and 471 were not). The most common AEs with palbociclib plus endocrine therapy were neutropenia and infections (any grade, 80.6% and 54.7%, respectively), which were higher than in the endocrine monotherapy arm (any grade, 5.3% and 36.9%). The most common hematologic AEs (≥15.0% in the palbociclib arm) were more likely to be reported in the initial months of the study, after which time the cumulative event rate did not substantially increase. With palbociclib plus endocrine therapy, any grade AEs leading to permanent discontinuation over three years occurred in only 8.3% of patients. Conclusions Based on these long-term safety analyses, there is no evidence of specific cumulative or delayed toxicities with palbociclib plus endocrine therapy, supporting the ongoing investigation of palbociclib plus endocrine therapy in early breast cancer (NCT02513394).
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Ecancermedicalscience
                Ecancermedicalscience
                ecancermedicalscience
                ecancermedicalscience
                Cancer Intelligence
                1754-6605
                2020
                17 June 2020
                : 14
                : 1058
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Breast Cancer Department, Instituto Alexander Fleming and Sanatorio Las Lomas, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
                [2 ]Oncology Service, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
                [3 ]Oncology Service, Hospital Militar Central and Sanatorio Las Lomas, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
                [4 ]Oncology Service Chair, Instituto Alexander Fleming, Buenos Aires 1642, Argentina
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Fernando Petracci fpetracci@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                can-14-1058
                10.3332/ecancer.2020.1058
                7302883
                32582373
                48b2f891-cc36-42e9-b4d7-4434a01e8674
                © the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 17 January 2020
                Categories
                Research

                Oncology & Radiotherapy
                hormone receptor-positive,advanced breast cancer,palbociclib,real-world,progression-free survival,overall survival

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