Epidemiological characteristics of facial trauma in preschool children in Fuyang City of Anhui Province

Abstract

Objective To investigate the current situation and related factors of facial trauma in school-age children in urban areas of Fuyang, and to provide basis for child facial trauma prevention.

Methods By cluster stratified random sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among parents of school-age children aged 3–6 in four kindergartens in Fuyang City. A total of 1 062 valid questionnaires were included.

Results A total of 146 (13.7%) children with facial trauma were included. The ratio of boys to girls was 1.84:1. In primary and secondary classes in kindergarten, the reporting rate of boys (24.5%, 16.4%) was higher than that of girls (13.4%, 9.0%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ ²=6.66, 4.25, P<0.05). The incidence of facial trauma was highest (19.4%) in junior kindergarten class children, which decreased with age. Falls injury (61.6%) was the leading cause of facial trauma. Most of facial trauma occurred in family (55.5%) and kindergarten (26.0%). Forehead (26.0%) and mandible (21.2%) were the main injured body sites. Skin laceration (81.5%) was the main type of injury. Facial trauma mostly occurred at 11:00–13:00 (19.9%) and 17:00–19:00 (27.4%), during June to August (39.7%). The results of univariate analysis showed that the facial trauma of preschool children was associated with gender, class, parent-rated child temperament, parental education and family type (χ ²=14.51, 18.84, 39.66, 6.56, 12.31, P<0.05).

Conclusion Facial trauma in preschool children in Fuyang is common, which varies in gender, class, temperament and family type.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解安徽阜阳城区 3~6 岁学龄前儿童面部外伤发生现状及相关影响因素, 为降低学龄前儿童面部外伤提 供参考依据。 方法 采取多阶段分层整群抽样方法, 对阜阳市 4 所幼儿园 3~6 岁的 1 062 名学龄前儿童家长进行问卷调 査。 结果 共收集面部外伤儿童 146 例, 学龄前儿童面部外伤报告率为 13.7%。男女童之比为 1.84:1, 幼儿园小、中班男 生报告率 (24.5%, 16.4%) 髙于女生 (13.4%, 9.0%), 差异均有统计学意义 (χ ² 值分别为 6.66, 4.25, P 值均<0.05)。小班儿 童面部外伤 (19.4%)发生最多, 且随着年龄增长, 发病人数逐渐降低。跌倒 (61.6%) 是最常见原因。家庭 (55.5%) 和幼儿 园 (26.0%) 是发生面部外伤的主要场所, 额部 (26.0%) 和下颂 (21.2%) 为主要受伤部位, 单纯皮肤裂伤 (81.5%) 是主要受 伤类型。11:00—13:00 (19.9%) 及 17:00—19:00 (27.4%) 为面部外伤髙发时间; 6—8 月 (39.7%)为髙发月份。单因素分 析结果显示, 学龄前儿童面部外伤在性别、班级、家长自诉儿童性格、监护人文化程度和家庭类型方面差异均有统计学意义 (χ ² 值分别为 14.51, 18.84, 39.66, 6.56, 12.31, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 学龄前儿童面部外伤报告率较髙, 不同性别、班级、性 格、家庭类型等发生情况有所差异, 家庭、幼托机构和社会等多方共同干预, 可有效减少学龄前儿童意外伤害发生。