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      Feline cystadenomatosis affecting the ears and skin of 57 cats (2011–2019)

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          This study aimed to understand epidemiological factors associated with feline cystadenomatosis, including signalment and papillomavirus PCR status. Cystadenomatosis is an uncommon condition primarily involving the ceruminous and apocrine skin and ear glands.

          Methods

          This was a retrospective case series. Clinical records from 2011 to 2019 from a tertiary referral hospital in Boston, MA, USA were screened for cases, and case data were re-evaluated and analyzed. The total patient pool contained 65,385 individual cats, of which 797 were referred to the dermatology service. Medical records and biopsy specimens were reviewed; the information collected included signalment, clinical signs, physical examination and diagnostic tests, comorbidities and histopathologic findings. PCR was performed on biopsy specimens to test for papillomavirus DNA.

          Results

          The cystadenomatosis population consisted of 57 cases (7.1% of total cases referred to the dermatology service) with 105 affected ears. Twenty-seven cases (48 ears) were confirmed via histopathology; four cats (7%) exhibited clinically cystic lesions on the periocular, periorbital and perianal regions; only one cat did not have pinnal lesions. Domestic shorthair cats were most often affected. Relative risk for cystadenomatosis was 2.24 times higher in male cats. In 48 cats (84.2%), ears were bilaterally affected. Seven cats (12.3%) had malignant neoplasia, which included: inflamed adenocarcinoma (n = 5); mast cell tumor (n = 1); or squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1). PCR testing on biopsy specimens from 24 cats revealed feline papillomavirus type 2 DNA in only four cats.

          Conclusions and relevance

          Cystadenomatosis was more prevalent in senior non-purebred cats, over-represented in male cats and did not appear to be associated with papillomavirus, feline infectious peritonitis, feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukemia virus status or other identifiable illnesses. Further studies are needed to investigate the causes of cystadenomatosis.

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          Author and article information

          Contributors
          Journal
          Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
          Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
          SAGE Publications
          1098-612X
          1532-2750
          April 2022
          July 13 2021
          April 2022
          : 24
          : 4
          : 351-358
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Dermatology Service, Angell Animal Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
          [2 ]VCA Bay Area Veterinary Specialists & Emergency Hospital San Leandro, CA, USA
          [3 ]Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
          [4 ]Metabiota Inc, Nanaimo, BC, Canada
          Article
          10.1177/1098612X211024498
          34254846
          49672004-dd3b-4438-9d91-14b6f8f6db0c
          © 2022

          http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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