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      • Record: found
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      Is Open Access

      Social anxiety in adults with autism: a qualitative study

      research-article
      Author(s): a , b , c , a
      Publication date (Electronic, pub):
      Publication date (Electronic, collection):
      Journal: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being
      Publisher: Taylor & Francis
      Keywords: Autism, adults, social anxiety, social phobia, qualitative study

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          ABSTRACT

          Purpose

          Many individuals with autism experience social anxiety (SA), yet, to date, this has almost exclusively been investigated using quantitative research methods. We know very little about why individuals with autism perceive they develop SA, what they view the impact and consequences of symptoms to be, and which coping strategies they find helpful.

          Methods

          Using a qualitative study design, six men with autism (aged 23–52 years old) participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.

          Results

          Seven overarching themes were identified: (1) causal influences for SA; (2) anxiety-provoking social situations; (3) symptoms of SA; (4) chronicity; (5) coping; (6) impact; and (7) interventions.

          Conclusions

          Further studies are needed to more fully establish why individuals with autism are vulnerable to developing SA, to inform development of targeted interventions.

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          Most cited references40

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          On the ontological status of autism: the ‘double empathy problem’

          Damian Milton (2012)
          Article 0 comments Cited 388 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Is Open Access

            Quantifying and exploring camouflaging in men and women with autism

            Meng-Chuan Lai, Michael V Lombardo, Amber NV Ruigrok … (2016)
            Autobiographical descriptions and clinician observations suggest that some individuals with autism, particularly females, ‘camouflage’ their social communication difficulties, which may require considerable cognitive effort and lead to increased stress, anxiety and depression. Using data from 60 age- and IQ-matched men and women with autism (without intellectual disability), we operationalized camouflaging in adults with autism for the first time as the quantitative discrepancy between the person’s ‘external’ behavioural presentation in social–interpersonal contexts (measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) and the person’s ‘internal’ status (dispositional traits measured by the Autism Spectrum Quotient and social cognitive capability measured by the ‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes’ Test). We found that the operationalized camouflaging measure was not significantly correlated with age or IQ. On average, women with autism had higher camouflaging scores than men with autism (Cohen’s d = 0.98), with substantial variability in both groups. Greater camouflaging was associated with more depressive symptoms in men and better signal-detection sensitivity in women with autism. The neuroanatomical association with camouflaging score was largely sex/gender-dependent and significant only in women: from reverse inference, the most correlated cognitive terms were about emotion and memory. The underlying constructs, measurement, mechanisms, consequences and heterogeneity of camouflaging in autism warrant further investigation.
            Article 0 comments Cited 202 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Social phobia.

              M R Liebowitz (1987)
              Article 0 comments Cited 161 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being
                Title: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being
                Publisher: Taylor & Francis
                ISSN (Print): 1748-2623
                ISSN (Electronic): 1748-2631
                Publication date (Electronic, pub): 20 August 2020
                Publication date (Electronic, collection): 2020
                Volume: 15
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1803669
                Affiliations
                [a ]Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London; , London, UK
                [b ]South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust; , England
                [c ]Department of Psychology, Social Sciences University of Ankara; , Ankara, Turkey
                Author notes
                CONTACT Debbie Spain debbie.spain@ 123456kcl.ac.uk MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London; , LondonSE5 8AF, UK
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-0237
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-5467
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9226-4000
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1803669
                DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2020.1803669
                PMC ID: 7482774
                PubMed ID: 32815779
                SO-VID: 4982c354-e264-4f74-b287-49fe67c828e5
                Copyright © © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 2, References: 72, Pages: 1
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Empirical Studies

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Health & Social care
                Keywords: autism,adults,social anxiety,social phobia,qualitative study
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Health & Social care
                Keywords: autism, adults, social anxiety, social phobia, qualitative study

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