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      Maternal gestational weight gain and offspring risk for childhood overweight or obesity

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVE

          The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between gestational weight gain, per the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations, and offspring overweight/obesity at 2–5 years of age.

          STUDY DESIGN

          This was a prospective cohort study of 4145 women who completed a health survey (2007–2009) and subsequently delivered a singleton at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (2007–2010). Childhood overweight/obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) z-score of the 85th percentile or greater of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention child growth standards. Gestational weight gain was categorized according to the 2009 IOM recommendations. Logistic regression was used; meeting the IOM recommendations was the referent.

          RESULTS

          Exceeding the IOM recommendations was associated with a 46% increase in odds of having an overweight/obese child (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–1.83), after adjusting for maternal prepregnancy BMI, race/ethnicity, age at delivery, education, child age, birthweight, gestational age at delivery, gestational diabetes, parity, infant sex, total metabolic equivalents, and dietary pattern. The OR (95% CI) for childhood overweight/obesity among women gaining below the IOM recommendations was 1.23 (0.88–1.71). The associations between gaining outside the IOM recommendations and childhood obesity were stronger among women with a normal prepregnancy BMI (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.03–2.57) (below); OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.32–2.43) (exceeded).

          CONCLUSION

          Gestational weight gain outside the IOM recommendations is associated with increased odds of childhood overweight/obesity, independent of several potential confounders and mediators. Gestational weight gain had a greater impact on childhood overweight/obesity among normal-weight women, suggesting that the effect may be independent of genetic predictors of obesity.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          0370476
          439
          Am J Obstet Gynecol
          Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
          American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
          0002-9378
          1097-6868
          22 October 2016
          13 April 2014
          September 2014
          28 October 2016
          : 211
          : 3
          : 259.e1-259.e8
          Affiliations
          Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA.
          Author notes
          Reprints: Sneha Sridhar, MPH, Division of Research, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612-2304. sneha.x.sridhar@ 123456kp.org
          Article
          PMC5084619 PMC5084619 5084619 nihpa824023
          10.1016/j.ajog.2014.02.030
          5084619
          24735804
          4a0d444c-88d1-4ce1-a951-c07e3cdd7ab4
          History
          Categories
          Article

          childhood obesity,gestational weight gain
          childhood obesity, gestational weight gain

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