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      Pirates vs. Press Gangs: The Battle for the Atlantic Translated title: Piratas vs. Bandos de Recrutamento: A Batalha pelo Atlântico

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          Abstract

          Abstract Pirates in the Atlantic Ocean have excited imaginations ever since they stole from merchant ships and battled naval vessels in the Age of Sail. But pirates also illustrate an underappreciated process in the development of modern states and empires: the struggle between state and non-state actors to establish a monopoly of violence on the high seas. This essay traces this contest over violence in three stages: (1) the challenge posed by English pirates to Europe’s dominant imperial power, Spain, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; (2) the threat made by these same pirates to the emerging British Empire in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries; and (3) the successful efforts of the British state to exert control over the Atlantic through state-sponsored forms of piracy, privateers and press gangs, in the eighteenth century. The British established naval supremacy and consolidated imperial control over the Atlantic by monopolizing the same violent methods once used by pirates.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Os piratas instigam a imaginação coletiva desde quando saqueavam navios mercantes e lutavam por embarcações no Oceano Atlântico, durante a Idade da Vela. Não obstante, os piratas também contribuem para ilustrar um processo por vezes subestimado no estudo do desenvolvimento dos Estados e Impérios modernos: a luta entre atores estatais e não estatais para estabelecer o monopólio da violência no alto-mar. Este ensaio retoma esta disputa em torno da violência, dividindo-a em três blocos: no primeiro, o desafio imposto pelos piratas ingleses ao poder imperial dominante da Europa nos séculos XVI e XVII, a Espanha; depois, a ameaça feita por esses mesmos piratas ao emergente Império Britânico no final do século XVII e início do século XVIII; e, por fim, os esforços bem-sucedidos do Estado britânico para exercer controle sobre o Atlântico, lançando mão de formas de pirataria, de corsários e grupos de recrutamento patrocinados pelo Estado, no século XVIII. Assim, pretende-se apresentar como os britânicos estabeleceram a supremacia naval e consolidaram o controle imperial sobre o Atlântico, monopolizando os mesmos métodos violentos usados pelos piratas.

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          Max Weber's conception of the state

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            The Knowles Riot and the Crisis of the 1740s in Massachusetts

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              Subjects vs. Citizens: Impressment and Identity in the Anglo-American Atlantic

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                s_his
                História (São Paulo)
                História
                Revista História (Franca, SP, Brazil )
                0101-9074
                1980-4369
                January 2019
                : 38
                : 0
                : e2019004
                Affiliations
                [1] Washington District of Columbia orgnameGeorge Washington University orgdiv1Department of History United States
                Article
                S0101-90742019000100404
                10.1590/1980-4369e2019004
                4a3198a7-47ec-4e8b-927c-5601ec3a962f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 January 2018
                : 28 June 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                press gang,Pirata,Corsário,Bandos de Recrutamento,Alistamento Compulsório,Marinha,Estado Moderno,Violência,Max Weber,Pirate,privateer,impressment,navy,modern state,violence

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