9
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Alimentación complementaria en los niños mayores de seis meses de edad: Bases técnicas Translated title: Complementary feeding in infants over six months of age: technical basis

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Se aborda la alimentación de los niños en el primer año de vida con sus dos grandes componentes: amamantamiento y alimentación complementaria. Se informa de los beneficios que proporciona la lactancia materna exclusiva a la salud de los niños, considerando el sexto mes como punto de corte para iniciar la alimentación complementaria. El propósito de este complejo proceso educativo es complementar la lactancia, aportando los nutrimentos propios de su cultura que el niño necesita para mantener el crecimiento y evitar problemas nutricios como desmedro y deficiencia de hierro y anemia. Se tocan los aspectos que deben cuidarse antes de iniciar la alimentación complementaria, y los que deben vigilarse durante su ejecución. Hay que conocer los motivos, los antecedentes de enfermedades relacionadas con la alimentación, la condición nutricia del niño y la importancia de la higiene en la preparación de los alimentos. De los puntos a considerar durante su implementación, que dura al menos los siguientes seis meses de vida, destacan los aspectos prácticos, los nutricios y los no nutricios. Los prácticos comprenden: la consistencia, la cantidad de inicio, la densidad energética y la importancia de variar y combinar los alimentos. Los nutricios son el uso de alimentos regionales para satisfacer las necesidades de los niños de esta edad, con énfasis en los que son fuente de proteínas y hierro como huevo, pescado, carnes rojas y leguminosas. Los aspectos no nutricios incluyen el respeto al hambre y la saciedad, así como que durante la alimentación se le apoye para que coma y se le proporcione el afecto que merece.

          Translated abstract

          This review addresses infant nutrition during the first year of life considering breastfeeding and complementary feeding as its 2 main components. We discuss the benefits that exclusive breastfeeding gives to children, considering the 6th month as the recommended cut off point to initiate complementary feeding. Complementary foods for infants older than 6 months are necessary to maintain infant growth, prevent stunting, and iron deficiency anemia. It is important to consider that these foods should be given according with the culture in which the infant belongs. We discuss several aspects to consider before and throughout the process of complementary feeding. Before the onset of complementary feeding, it is important to know the motives; the allergic or intolerance food background; the state of the infant's nutritional status and the mother's knowledge of hygiene in food preparation. In the complementary food process, which lasts about 6 months, it is important to consider several practical, nutritious and non nutritious aspects. Among the practical aspects it is important to consider factors such as food consistency, size of the portion, food energetic density and the frequency of exchange and combination of different meals. The nutritious topic that must be highlighted is the correct selection of staple foods with the best source of proteins and iron, such as eggs, fish, red meats or legumes. Finally, the important non nutritional aspects to consider are the respect of the infant hunger/satiety cycle, the support of the baby's feeding and the encouragement of and appropriate affectionate environment.

          Related collections

          Most cited references51

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Breastfeeding and the use of human milk.

          Considerable advances have occurred in recent years in the scientific knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding, the mechanisms underlying these benefits, and in the clinical management of breastfeeding. This policy statement on breastfeeding replaces the 1997 policy statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics and reflects this newer knowledge and the supporting publications. The benefits of breastfeeding for the infant, the mother, and the community are summarized, and recommendations to guide the pediatrician and other health care professionals in assisting mothers in the initiation and maintenance of breastfeeding for healthy term infants and high-risk infants are presented. The policy statement delineates various ways in which pediatricians can promote, protect, and support breastfeeding not only in their individual practices but also in the hospital, medical school, community, and nation.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Update on technical issues concerning complementary feeding of young children in developing countries and implications for intervention programs.

            This paper provides an update to the 1998 WHO/UNICEF report on complementary feeding. New research findings are generally consistent with the guidelines in that report, but the adoption of new energy and micronutrient requirements for infants and young children will result in lower recommendations regarding minimum meal frequency and energy density of complementary foods, and will alter the list of "problem nutrients." Without fortification, the densities of iron, zinc, and vitamin B6 in complementary foods are often inadequate, and the intake of other nutrients may also be low in some populations. Strategies for obtaining the needed amounts of problem nutrients, as well as optimizing breastmilk intake when other foods are added to the diet, are discussed. The impact of complementary feeding interventions on child growth has been variable, which calls attention to the need for more comprehensive programs. A six-step approach to planning, implementing, and evaluating such programs is recommended.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Estimation of available dietary iron

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                bmim
                Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México
                Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.
                Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (México, DF, Mexico )
                1665-1146
                April 2006
                : 63
                : 2
                : 129-144
                Affiliations
                [03] México D. F. orgnameHospital Infantil Privado México
                [02] orgnameInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social orgdiv1Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Nutritional
                [01] México D. F. orgnameHospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez orgdiv1Edificio Arturo Mundet, orgdiv2Departamento de Salud Comunitaria México
                Article
                S1665-11462006000200008 S1665-1146(06)06300200008
                4a49f989-7c91-43e1-9b11-4487fa41e370

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 May 2005
                : 09 May 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 48, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Temas pediátricos

                leche materna,Feeding,complementary,milk,human,Alimentación complementaria

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                Similar content439

                Cited by6

                Most referenced authors305