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      Metodos estadisticos empleados en los articulos originales publicados sobre tabaquismo en cuatro revistas medicas espanõlas (1985-1996) Translated title: Descriptive study of statistical methods in the original articles published on the cigarette smoking habit in four Spanish medical journals (1985-1996)

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          Abstract

          Fundamento: Siendo el tabaquismo un tema prioritario de investigación y habiéndose incrementado el uso de técnicas estadísticas en las publicaciones biomédicas, se describen las técnicas estadísticas utilizadas y se cuantifica la accesibilidad estadística en los artículos originales sobre tabaquismo publicados en cuatro revistas médicas españolas. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los 154 artículos originales sobre tabaquismo publicados en las revistas Atención Primaria, Medicina Clínica (Barcelona), Revista Española de Salud Pública y Revista Clínica Española, en el período de 1985 a 1996. Un único observador codificó las técnicas estadísticas en 14 categorías de acuerdo con la clasificación elaborada por Carré et al (1995) a partir de la clasificación establecida por Emerson y Colditz (1983). Para el estudio de la accesibilidad estadística se estableció como referencia el conocimiento de técnicas bivariables, hasta regresión lineal simple. Resultados: El 81,8% de los originales utilizaron la estadística inferencial. Las categorías estadísticas más frecuentemente utilizadas fueron las "Tablas de contingencia" (37,0%), "Estadística descriptiva" (18,2%) y "Tablas de vida y análisis de supervivencia" (9,7%). Un lector familiarizado con técnicas bivariables tuvo acceso estadístico al 96,0% de los originales de Revista Española de Salud Pública, al 86,2% de Atención Primaria, al 66,7% de Medicina Clínica (Barcelona) y al 33,3% de Revista Clínica Española. Este mismo lector tuvo acceso al 100% de los originales publicados en el trienio 1985-87 y al 68,1% en el 1994-96. Conclusiones: La utilización de técnicas estadísticas varía en función del tema y diseño de investigación, de la revista y del año de publicación. La disminución de la accesibilidad estadística hace necesario identificar el perfil del lector estándar en nuestro país para adaptar sus conocimientos a las exigencias de la literatura biomédica actual.

          Translated abstract

          Background: Being the tobacco use a high-priority subject of investigation and having itself increased the utilization of statistical techniques in biomedical publication the used statistical techniques are described and the statistical accessibility is quantified in the original articles on tobacco use published in four Spanish medical journals. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of 154 original articles on the cigarette smoking habit published in 1985-1996 in the journals Atención Primaria, Medicina Clínica (Barcelona), Revista Española de Salud Pública and Revista Clínica Española. An only observer codified the statistic techniques in 14 categories in agreement with the classification processed by Carré et al (1995) from the classification settied down by Emerson and Colditz (1983). The knowledge of bivariable techniques, to simple lineal regression, was stablished as the reference for the study of statistical accessibility. Results: 81,8% original articles used inferential statistics. The most frequently used categories were "Contingency tables" (37,0%), "Descriptive statistics" (18,2%) and "Life tables and analysis of survival" (9,7%). A reader familiarized with bivariable techniques has statistical access to 96,0% for the originals of Revista Española de Salud Pública, 86,2% of Atención Primaria, 66,7% of Medicina Clínica (Barcelona) and 33,3% of Revista Clínica Española. The same reader had statistical access to 100% for the originals published from 1985 to 1987 and 68,1% from 1994 to 1996. Conclusions: The use of statistical methods depends on the investigation subject and design, the journal and the year of publication. The decrease of the statistical accessibility recommends to identify the profile of the standard reader in Spain, to adjust his knowledge to the current biomedical literature demand.

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          Statistics in medical journals: developments in the 1980s.

          This paper reviews changes in the use of statistics in medical journals during the 1980s. Aspects considered are research design, statistical analysis, the presentation of results, medical journal policy (including statistical refereeing), and the misuse of statistics. Despite some notable successes, the misuse of statistics in medical papers remains common.
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            Use of statistical analysis in the New England Journal of Medicine.

            A sorting of the statistical methods used by authors of the 760 research and review articles in Volumes 298 to 301 of The New England Journal of Medicine indicates that a reader who is conversant with descriptive statistics (percentages, means, and standard deviations) has statistical access to 58 per cent of the articles. Understanding t-tests increases this access to 67 per cent. The addition of contingency tables gives statistical access to 73 per cent of the articles. Familiarity with each additional statistical method gradually increases the percentage of accessible articles. Original Articles use statistical techniques more extensively than other articles in the Journal. Research studies based on a longitudinal design make heavier use of statistics than do those using a cross-sectional design. The tabulations in this study should aid clinicians and medical investigators who are planning their continuing education in statistical methods, and faculty who design or teach courses in quantitative methods for medical and health professionals.
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              An exploratory study of statistical assessment of papers published in the British Medical Journal.

              Statistical assessment of papers submitted to the British Medical Journal has increased to some 300 papers annually. The assessment produces a recommendation to the editor on each paper from a statistical viewpoint together with a completed checklist that indicates the quality of certain important features. This exploratory study was aimed at monitoring the process. It reports a comparison of checklist answers on 45 papers as originally submitted with those on the papers as subsequently published. Of the 45 papers, only 5 (11%) were considered statistically acceptable at submission, but this increased to 38 (84%) after publication. Revisions had not been made adequately in 4 of the 7 unsatisfactory published papers, and the 3 others were thought to be of dubious validity. A major omission from at least 28 papers was information on sample size calculations. It is concluded that statistical assessment is beneficial but that further efforts by authors and assessors could make it even more effective.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Rev. Esp. Salud Publica
                Ministerio de Sanidad (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                February 2000
                : 74
                : 1
                Article
                S1135-57272000000100005 S1135-5727(00)07400105
                10.1590/s1135-57272000000100005
                4aa53e6a-54c6-45f4-ab59-db7e5387a30e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Spain

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
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                Spain,Tobacco,Statistics and numerical data,Revista Española de Salud Pública,Revista Clínica Española,Research design,Periodicals,Methods,Medicina Clínica (Barcelona),Atención Primaria,Tabaco,Revistas biomédicas,Métodos estadísticos,Investigación,España

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