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      Multifunctional and self-propelled spherical Janus nano/micromotors: recent advances

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          Abstract

          Autonomous self-propelled multifunctional Janus nano/micromotors, which are able to convert different energies into mechanical motion.

          Abstract

          Recent progress in autonomous self-propelled multifunctional Janus nano/micromotors, which are able to convert chemical or light energy into mechanical motion, is presented. This technology of moving micro- and nanodevices is at the forefront of materials research and is a promising and growing technology with the possibility of using these motors in both biomedical and environmental applications. The development of novel multifunctional Janus motors together with their motion mechanisms is discussed. Different preparation and synthesis routes are compared. The effects of the size, interfacial structures and porosity on the directional motion and the speed of Janus micromotors are discussed. For light-derived Janus micromotors, newly developed techniques that are able to observe directly the interfaces’ charge distribution on a nanometer scale are presented in order to clarify the underlying electrophoresis motion mechanism. This review aims to encourage further research in the field of micromotors using new and facile methodologies for obtaining novel Janus motors with enhanced motion and activity.

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          Micro/nanorobots for biomedicine: Delivery, surgery, sensing, and detoxification

          Micro- and nanoscale robots that can effectively convert diverse energy sources into movement and force represent a rapidly emerging and fascinating robotics research area. Recent advances in the design, fabrication, and operation of micro/nanorobots have greatly enhanced their power, function, and versatility. The new capabilities of these tiny untethered machines indicate immense potential for a variety of biomedical applications. This article reviews recent progress and future perspectives of micro/nanorobots in biomedicine, with a special focus on their potential advantages and applications for directed drug delivery, precision surgery, medical diagnosis and detoxification. Future success of this technology, to be realized through close collaboration between robotics, medical and nanotechnology experts, should have a major impact on disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
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            Self-motile colloidal particles: from directed propulsion to random walk.

            The motion of an artificial microscale swimmer that uses a chemical reaction catalyzed on its own surface to achieve autonomous propulsion is fully characterized experimentally. It is shown that at short times it has a substantial component of directed motion, with a velocity that depends on the concentration of fuel molecules. At longer times, the motion reverts to a random walk with a substantially enhanced diffusion coefficient. Our results suggest strategies for designing artificial chemotactic systems.
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              Fabrication of Micro/Nanoscale Motors.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                NANOHL
                Nanoscale
                Nanoscale
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                2040-3364
                2040-3372
                2018
                2018
                : 10
                : 35
                : 16398-16415
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots
                [2 ]Department of Inorganic Chemistry
                [3 ]University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
                [4 ]166 28 Prague 6
                [5 ]Czech Republic
                Article
                10.1039/C8NR05196H
                30178795
                4b22a976-74f0-473f-888b-86903bea2116
                © 2018

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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