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Abstract
Lower socioeconomic status is associated with short or long sleep duration and sleep
disturbance (e.g., sleep apnea), which are all related to increased mortality risk.
General sleep complaints, however, which may better approximate symptoms as they are
experienced, have not been examined in a large population sample.
Sample consisted of n=159,856 participants from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System, representing 36 states/regions across the US. Sleep complaints were measured
with a telephone survey item that assessed "trouble falling asleep," "staying asleep"
or "sleeping too much." Data analysis utilized hierarchical logistic regression and
Rao-Schott chi(2).
Asian respondents reported the least complaints, and Hispanic/Latino and Black/African-American
individuals reported fewer complaints than Whites. Lower income and educational attainment
was associated with more sleep complaints. Employment was associated with less sleep
complaints and unemployment with more. Married individuals reported the least sleep
complaints. Significant interactions with race/ethnicity indicate that the relationship
between sleep complaints and marital status, income and employment differs among groups
for men, and the relationship with education differs among groups for women.
Rates of sleep complaints in African-American, Hispanic/Latino and Asian/Other groups
were similar to Whites. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher rates
of sleep complaint.
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