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      Impact of alcohol marketing on drinkers with Alcohol use disorders seeking treatment: a mixed-method study protocol

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          Abstract

          Background

          The marketing of alcohol influences patterns of alcohol consumption. Existing studies have focused, for the most part, on adolescents and the links between exposure to marketing and alcohol initiation. In France, the Evin law, a French exception, was set up in 1991 with the aim of regulating this exposure to marketing, but since 2009 it has been severely compromised. Alcohol consumption causes severe damage, which may be seenfrom 1 standard unit per day and mostly among adults who are regular users of alcohol. In this at-risk population, studies analysing the impact of marketing are sparse.

          The specific objectives include (i) the evaluation of the perception of alcohol marketing by patients with an AUD (ii) gaining understanding of the links between alcohol marketing and patients with AUD behaviours (iii) the development of alcohol demarketing strategy in patients receiving AUD coaching.

          Methods

          Our main objective isto evaluate the impact of marketing on a population with an AUD. The methodology was in 4 steps: step 1 is a pre-test ( N = 100) selecting type of alcohol consumed and type of marketing stimuli identified by patients aged 18 + with an AUD. Step 2 is a qualitative study ( N = 20), with in-depth interview, to understand links between alcohol marketing and patients with AUD behaviours. Step 3 is a quantitative study( N = 600) to confirm these links and the impact of alcohol marketing on patients with AUD behaviours. Step 4 is an interventional step, including and testing the impact of demarketing intervention on patients with AUD while using the results of the three first steps ( N = 120).

          Discussion

          This study will contribute to a better definition of the impact of alcohol marketing on patients with AUD and will enable identification of the determinants of this impact. These data will inform the development of interventions that take into account demarketingstrategies on patients under AUD management.

          Trial registration

          The Trial registrationregistration number is NCT03876132, and it was registered on the 15th march 2019.

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          Most cited references32

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          A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

          The Lancet, 380(9859), 2224-2260
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            The global burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

            Summary Background Alcohol and drug use can have negative consequences on the health, economy, productivity, and social aspects of communities. We aimed to use data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 to calculate global and regional estimates of the prevalence of alcohol, amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine, and opioid dependence, and to estimate global disease burden attributable to alcohol and drug use between 1990 and 2016, and for 195 countries and territories within 21 regions, and within seven super-regions. We also aimed to examine the association between disease burden and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases for original epidemiological studies on alcohol and drug use published between Jan 1, 1980, and Sept 7, 2016, with out language restrictions, and used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, to estimate population-level prevalence of substance use disorders. We combined these estimates with disability weights to calculate years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 1990–2016. We also used a comparative assessment approach to estimate burden attributable to alcohol and drug use as risk factors for other health outcomes. Findings Globally, alcohol use disorders were the most prevalent of all substance use disorders, with 100·4 million estimated cases in 2016 (age-standardised prevalence 1320·8 cases per 100 000 people, 95% uncertainty interval [95% UI] 1181·2–1468·0). The most common drug use disorders were cannabis dependence (22·1 million cases; age-standardised prevalence 289·7 cases per 100 000 people, 95% UI 248·9–339·1) and opioid dependence (26·8 million cases; age-standardised prevalence 353·0 cases per 100 000 people, 309·9–405·9). Globally, in 2016, 99·2 million DALYs (95% UI 88·3–111·2) and 4·2% of all DALYs (3·7–4·6) were attributable to alcohol use, and 31·8 million DALYs (27·4–36·6) and 1·3% of all DALYs (1·2–1·5) were attributable to drug use as a risk factor. The burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use varied substantially across geographical locations, and much of this burden was due to the effect of substance use on other health outcomes. Contrasting patterns were observed for the association between total alcohol and drug-attributable burden and SDI: alcohol-attributable burden was highest in countries with a low SDI and middle-high middle SDI, whereas the burden due to drugs increased with higher S DI level. Interpretation Alcohol and drug use are important contributors to global disease burden. Effective interventions should be scaled up to prevent and reduce substance use disease burden. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Australian National Health and Medical Research Council.
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              Global Burden of Disease and the Impact of Mental and Addictive Disorders

              This contribution reviews the newest empirical evidence regarding the burden of mental and addictive disorders and weighs their importance for global health in the first decades of the twenty-first century.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                morgane.guillou@chu-brest.fr
                Journal
                BMC Public Health
                BMC Public Health
                BMC Public Health
                BioMed Central (London )
                1471-2458
                7 April 2020
                7 April 2020
                2020
                : 20
                : 467
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.411766.3, ISNI 0000 0004 0472 3249, Addictive disorders Unit, CHU Brest, ; Brest, France
                [2 ]GRID grid.6289.5, ISNI 0000 0001 2188 0893, EA 7479 SPURBO, , University of Brest, ; Brest, France
                [3 ]HUGOPSY network, Brest, France
                [4 ]GRID grid.413133.7, ISNI 0000 0001 0206 8146, Hôpital Paul Brousse, APHP, ; 94800 Villejuif, France
                [5 ]GRID grid.277151.7, ISNI 0000 0004 0472 0371, Addictive Medicine and Psychiatry Department, CHU Nantes, ; Nantes, France
                [6 ]GRID grid.7429.8, ISNI 0000000121866389, INSERM UMR 1246, SPHERE, Methods in Patient-Centered Outcomes and Health Research, , Nantes and Tours University, ; Nantes, France
                [7 ]GRID grid.414412.6, ISNI 0000 0001 1943 5037, EHESP, School of Public Health, CREM UMR CNRS 6211, ; Rennes, France
                Article
                8543
                10.1186/s12889-020-08543-6
                7140499
                32264848
                4ba6b4ff-791d-4f81-804e-a3c36ca9fa18
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 2 March 2020
                : 18 March 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006364, Institut National Du Cancer;
                Award ID: DEPREV -2018-110
                Categories
                Study Protocol
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Public health
                alcohol,alcohol use disorder,marketing,advertising,counter-marketing
                Public health
                alcohol, alcohol use disorder, marketing, advertising, counter-marketing

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