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      Functional composition of subtropical highland forests in different successional stages in southern Brazil Translated title: Composición funcional de bosques subtropicales de alta montaña en diferentes estados sucesionales en el sur de Brasil

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          Abstract

          SUMMARY: Ecological succession is one of the most important processes in forest ecosystems, still poorly understood in the highland Araucaria forests of Southern Brazil. Here we investigated this process by describing functional composition changes in response to a vegetation successional mosaic in four forest fragments in the municipality of Urubici, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Two fragments were classified as in advanced stage of succession and two were classified in early stage. The following functional traits were determined: wood density, leaf area, specific leaf area, dispersal syndrome and leaf phenology. For each fragment, we determined the community weighted mean (CWM) and the functional diversity (RaoQ). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t and Mann-Whitney tests and Principal Components Analysis. We found that the successional stage is a relevant source of functional heterogeneity. At the advanced-successional stage, tree communities have harder woods, more membranous and semi-deciduous leaves and higher functional diversity. Conversely, at the early successional stages, forests have softer wood, more coriaceous leaves and lower functional diversity. We concluded that the studied forests showed a high functional composition heterogeneity, partially determined by a successional mosaic. While perennial species with lower values of specific leaf area and wood density predominated in the early successional areas, semi-deciduous species with higher values of specific leaf area and wood density prevailed in the late successional ones.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN: La sucesión ecológica es uno de los procesos más importantes en los ecosistemas forestales, aún poco conocido en los bosques de Araucaria del sur de Brasil. Con el objetivo de evaluar la organización funcional del componente arbóreo en diferentes estados sucesionales, el presente estudio fue realizado en cuatro fragmentos de bosque de araucaria de alta montaña en el Parque Nacional São Joaquim, en el municipio de Urubici, estado de Santa Catarina. Dos fragmentos fueron considerados en avanzado estado de sucesión y dos en una etapa inicial. Se determinaron los siguientes atributos funcionales: densidad de madera, área foliar, área foliar específica, síndrome de dispersión y régimen de renovación foliar. Para cada fragmento, se determinaron la media ponderada de las comunidades (CWM) y la diversidad funcional (RaoQ). Los datos fueron analizados por medio de estadísticas descriptivas, pruebas t y Mann-Whitney, y análisis de componentes principales. Observamos que la etapa sucesional es una fuente relevante de heterogeneidad funcional. En la fase de sucesión avanzada, las comunidades arbóreas tienen maderas más duras, hojas más membranosas y semicaducifolias, y una mayor diversidad funcional. En las fases sucesionales iniciales, los bosques tienen una madera más suave, hojas más coriáceas y una menor diversidad funcional. Concluimos que los bosques estudiados mostraban una alta heterogeneidad de composición funcional, parcialmente determinada por el mosaico sucesional. Mientras que las especies perennes con valores más bajos de área foliar específica y de densidad de madera predominaron en las partes de sucesión inicial, las especies semicaducifolias con valores más altos de área foliar específica y de densidad de madera prevalecieron en las de sucesión tardía.

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          Plant species traits are the predominant control on litter decomposition rates within biomes worldwide.

          Worldwide decomposition rates depend both on climate and the legacy of plant functional traits as litter quality. To quantify the degree to which functional differentiation among species affects their litter decomposition rates, we brought together leaf trait and litter mass loss data for 818 species from 66 decomposition experiments on six continents. We show that: (i) the magnitude of species-driven differences is much larger than previously thought and greater than climate-driven variation; (ii) the decomposability of a species' litter is consistently correlated with that species' ecological strategy within different ecosystems globally, representing a new connection between whole plant carbon strategy and biogeochemical cycling. This connection between plant strategies and decomposability is crucial for both understanding vegetation-soil feedbacks, and for improving forecasts of the global carbon cycle.
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            New handbook for standardised measurement of plant functional traits worldwide

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              Functional richness, functional evenness and functional divergence: the primary components of functional diversity

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bosque
                Bosque (Valdivia)
                Bosque (Valdivia)
                Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales (Valdivia, , Chile )
                0717-9200
                2021
                : 42
                : 3
                : 333-341
                Affiliations
                [1] Lages Santa Catarina orgnameUniversidade do Estado de Santa Catarina orgdiv1Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Brazil
                Article
                S0717-92002021000300333 S0717-9200(21)04200300333
                4bfb0b2e-40c6-447c-b39c-7deda99d77c3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 December 2020
                : 08 September 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICLES

                successional mosaic,bosques montanos,bosque de araucarias,diversidad funcional,heterogeneidad funcional,mosaico sucesional,highland forests,araucaria forest,functional diversity,functional heterogeneity

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