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      MHD Flow and Heat Transfer between Coaxial Rotating Stretchable Disks in a Thermally Stratified Medium

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          Abstract

          This paper investigates the unsteady MHD flow of viscous fluid between two parallel rotating disks. Fluid fills the porous space. Energy equation has been constructed by taking Joule heating, thermal stratification and radiation effects into consideration. We convert system of partial differential equations into system of highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations after employing the suitable transformations. Convergent series solutions are obtained. Behavior of different involved parameters on velocity and temperature profiles is examined graphically. Numerical values of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are computed and inspected. It is found that tangential velocity profile is increasing function of rotational parameter. Fluid temperature reduces for increasing values of thermal stratification parameter. At upper disk heat transfer rate enhances for larger values of Eckert and Prandtl numbers.

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          Multi-frequency complex network from time series for uncovering oil-water flow structure

          Uncovering complex oil-water flow structure represents a challenge in diverse scientific disciplines. This challenge stimulates us to develop a new distributed conductance sensor for measuring local flow signals at different positions and then propose a novel approach based on multi-frequency complex network to uncover the flow structures from experimental multivariate measurements. In particular, based on the Fast Fourier transform, we demonstrate how to derive multi-frequency complex network from multivariate time series. We construct complex networks at different frequencies and then detect community structures. Our results indicate that the community structures faithfully represent the structural features of oil-water flow patterns. Furthermore, we investigate the network statistic at different frequencies for each derived network and find that the frequency clustering coefficient enables to uncover the evolution of flow patterns and yield deep insights into the formation of flow structures. Current results present a first step towards a network visualization of complex flow patterns from a community structure perspective.
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            Impact of Cattaneo-Christov Heat Flux in Jeffrey Fluid Flow with Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Reactions

            Two-dimensional stretched flow of Jeffrey fluid in view of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux is addressed. Effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions are also considered. Suitable transformations are used to form ordinary differential equations. Convergent series solutions are computed. Impact of significant parameters on the velocity, temperature, concentration and skin friction coefficient is addressed. Analysis of thermal relaxation is made. The obtained results show that ratio of relaxation to retardation times and Deborah number have inverse relation for velocity profile. Temperature distribution has decreasing behavior for Prandtl number and thermal relaxation time. Also concentration decreases for larger values of strength of homogeneous reaction parameter while it increases for strength of heterogeneous reaction parameter.
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              Thermal and Concentration Stratifications Effects in Radiative Flow of Jeffrey Fluid over a Stretching Sheet

              In this article we investigate the heat and mass transfer analysis in mixed convective radiative flow of Jeffrey fluid over a moving surface. The effects of thermal and concentration stratifications are also taken into consideration. Rosseland's approximations are utilized for thermal radiation. The nonlinear boundary layer partial differential equations are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations via suitable dimensionless variables. The solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equations are developed by homotopic procedure. Convergence of homotopic solutions is examined graphically and numerically. Graphical results of dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration are presented and discussed in detail. Values of the skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt and the local Sherwood numbers are analyzed numerically. Temperature and concentration profiles are decreased when the values of thermal and concentration stratifications parameters increase. Larger values of radiation parameter lead to the higher temperature and thicker thermal boundary layer thickness.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                24 May 2016
                2016
                : 11
                : 5
                : e0155899
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
                [2 ]Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
                Tianjin University, CHINA
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Conceived and designed the experiments: TH SQ MI AA. Performed the experiments: TH SQ MI AA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TH SQ MI AA. Wrote the paper: TH SQ MI AA.

                Article
                PONE-D-16-10461
                10.1371/journal.pone.0155899
                4878736
                27218651
                4c08dd3b-c69b-483f-bb1c-c4b95af6dc98
                © 2016 Hayat et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 12 March 2016
                : 5 May 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 23, Tables: 3, Pages: 23
                Funding
                The authors have no support or funding to report.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Physical Sciences
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                Classical Mechanics
                Continuum Mechanics
                Fluid Mechanics
                Fluid Dynamics
                Fluid Flow
                Physical Sciences
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                States of Matter
                Fluids
                Physical Sciences
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                Classical Mechanics
                Motion
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                Physical Sciences
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                Reynolds Number
                Physical Sciences
                Materials Science
                Tribology
                Friction
                Engineering and Technology
                Mechanical Engineering
                Tribology
                Friction
                Physical Sciences
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                Condensed Matter Physics
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                Classical Mechanics
                Convection
                Physical Sciences
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                Physical Sciences
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