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      Calidad de la alimentación y estrategias de aculturación alimentaria en migrantes colombianos residentes en Chile Translated title: Food quality and food acculturation strategies among colombian migrants living in Chile

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La migración ha sido asociada a un mayor consumo de alimentos de alta densidad energética y aumento de peso. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre la calidad global de la alimentación y estrategias de aculturación alimentarias en migrantes colombianos residentes en Chile. Metodología: Estudio no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. La muestra total estuvo compuesta de 258 migrantes colombianos residentes en Chile. Se realizaron tablas cruzadas y pruebas de diferencias de medias. Resultados: Mujeres tuvieron una mayor calidad de la alimentación cuando utilizaron las estrategias de aculturación alimentaria de separación y evitación. Hombres tuvieron mayor puntaje con evitación e integración. La mayor calidad de la alimentación en mujeres se dio después de 5 años postmigración, hombres entre los 6 meses y 1 año. Conclusiones: Mujeres y hombres poseen diferentes mecanismos de adaptación o desadaptación alimentaria postmigración, a excepción de la evitación alimentaria. Del mismo modo un mayor tiempo de residencia favorece la calidad de la alimentación en mujeres, no así, en hombres. Es necesario seguir indagando el efecto de otras variables y otros colectivos migrantes.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Migration has been associated with increased consumption of energy-dense foods and weight gain. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between global food quality and food acculturation strategies in Colombian migrants living in Chile. Methodology: Non-experimental, descriptive, and correlational study. The total sample consisted of 258 Colombian migrants living in Chile. Cross tables and mean difference tests were performed. Results: Women had higher eating quality when they used the food acculturation strategies of separation and avoidance. Men had higher scores in avoidance and integration. The highest eating quality in women was after 5 years post-migration, men between 6 months and 1 year. Conclusions: Women and men have different mechanisms of food adaptation or maladaptation post-migration, except for food avoidance. Similarly, longer residence time favors dietary quality in women, but not in men. It is necessary to continue investigating the effect of other variables and other migrant groups.

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          Most cited references28

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          Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration

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            Food acculturation drives dietary differences among Mexicans, Mexican Americans, and Non-Hispanic Whites.

            Our aim was to examine the effects of food acculturation on Mexican Americans' (MA) diets, taking the Mexican diet as reference. We used nationally representative samples of children (2-11 y) and female adolescents and adults (12-49 y) from the Mexican National Nutrition Survey 1999 and NHANES 1999-2006 to compare the diets of Mexicans (n = 5678), MA born in Mexico (MAMX) (n = 1488), MA born in the United States (MAUS) (n = 3654), and non-Hispanic white Americans (NH-White) (n = 5473). One 24-h diet recall was used to examine the percentage consuming and percentage energy consumed from selected food groups. Most of the food groups analyzed displayed a fairly linear increase or decrease in percent energy/capita intake in this order: Mexican, MAMX, MAUS, NH-White. However, few significant differences were observed among the US subpopulations, especially among MAUS and NH-Whites. Overall, compared to Mexicans, the US subpopulations had greater intakes of saturated fat, sugar, dessert and salty snacks, pizza and French fries, low-fat meat and fish, high-fiber bread, and low-fat milk, as well as decreased intakes of corn tortillas, low-fiber bread, high-fat milk, and Mexican fast food. Furthermore, the patterns were similar in all age groups. Although we found a mix of positive and negative aspects of food acculturation, the overall proportion of energy obtained from unhealthy foods was higher among the US subpopulations. Our findings indicate that within one generation in the US, the influence of the Mexican diet is almost lost. In addition, our results reinforce the need to discourage critical unhealthful components of the American diet among MA.
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              Changes in dietary habits after migration and consequences for health: a focus on South Asians in Europe

              Background Immigrants from low-income countries comprise an increasing proportion of the population in Europe. Higher prevalence of obesity and nutrition related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is found in some immigrant groups, especially in South Asians. Aim To review dietary changes after migration and discuss the implication for health and prevention among immigrants from low-income countries to Europe, with a special focus on South Asians. Method Systematic searches in PubMed were performed to identify relevant high quality review articles and primary research papers. The searches were limited to major immigrant groups in Europe, including those from South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka). Articles in English from 1990 and onwards from Europe were included. For health implications, recent review articles and studies of particular relevance to dietary changes among South Asian migrants in Europe were chosen. Results Most studies report on dietary changes and health consequences in South Asians. The picture of dietary change is complex, depending on a variety of factors related to country of origin, urban/rural residence, socio-economic and cultural factors and situation in host country. However, the main dietary trend after migration is a substantial increase in energy and fat intake, a reduction in carbohydrates and a switch from whole grains and pulses to more refined sources of carbohydrates, resulting in a low intake of fiber. The data also indicate an increase in intake of meat and dairy foods. Some groups have also reduced their vegetable intake. The findings suggest that these dietary changes may all have contributed to higher risk of obesity, T2D and CVD. Implications for prevention A first priority in prevention should be adoption of a low-energy density – high fiber diet, rich in whole grains and grain products, as well as fruits, vegetables and pulses. Furthermore, avoidance of energy dense and hyperprocessed foods is an important preventive measure.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                renhyd
                Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
                Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet
                Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                2173-1292
                2174-5145
                September 2022
                : 26
                : 3
                : 230-238
                Affiliations
                [1] Antofagasta Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Santo Tomás orgdiv1Facultad de Salud orgdiv2Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética Chile
                [3] Guadalajara orgnameRed Internacional de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición México
                [2] Antofagasta Antofagasta orgnameUniversidad Católica del Norte orgdiv1Escuela de Psicología Chile
                Article
                S2174-51452022000300008 S2174-5145(22)02600300008
                10.14306/renhyd.26.3.1702
                4c12968b-e602-4aae-9a60-5345a7e41f56

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 June 2022
                : 28 July 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Investigaciones

                Emigración e Inmigración,Diet, Healthy,Calidad de los Alimentos,Aculturación,Dieta Saludable,Food quality,Emigration and Immigration,Acculturation

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