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      A heart failure program in low-income patients in Argentina (COMM-HF) Translated title: Programa de insuficiencia cardíaca en pacientes de bajos ingresos en Argentina (COMM-HF)

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      Archivos peruanos de cardiología y cirugía cardiovascular
      Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR- EsSALUD
      Heart Failure, Community Health Workers, Implementation Science, Ambulatory Care, Treatment Adherence and Compliance, Argentina, Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Agentes Comunitarios de Salud, Ciencia de la Implementación, Atención Ambulatoria, Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento, Argentina

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective. In low- and middle-income countries, heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of death and disability. Materials and methods. A feasibility study was conducted to assess the fidelity, reach, and adoption of an educational program led by non-medical staff to improve outpatient care for patients hospitalized with HF in the local public health system. Results. Thirty patients were included, with a mean age of 55.3 years (63.3% male). A total of 97.3% of planned home visits and 90% of scheduled phone calls were completed. Counselling modules were delivered during 90.4% of home visits, with no significant challenges reported during implementation. At the end of follow-up, there was a trend towards improved lifestyle habits, a reduction in mean heart rate (78.0 to 68.3 beats per minute; p = 0.016), a decrease in the proportion of patients in NYHA functional class III (20% to 7.4%; p = 0.041), and a slight reduction in mean body mass index (29.5 vs. 28.9; p = 0.042). Conclusions. A home-based educational program, designed to optimize outpatient management of heart failure and led by non-medical healthcare personnel, was well-received and demonstrated feasibility for implementation in low-income patients relying solely on the Argentine public health system.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo. En los países de ingresos bajos y medianos la insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad. Materiales y métodos. Se desarrolló un estudio de factibilidad para evaluar la fidelidad, alcance y adopción de un programa educativo liderado por personal no médico para mejorar la atención ambulatoria en pacientes hospitalizados por IC en el sistema de salud público local. Resultados. Se incluyeron treinta pacientes con una edad media de 55,3 años, (varones: 63,3%). Se realizaron el 97,3% de las visitas domiciliarias y el 90% de las llamadas telefónicas planificadas. Se implementaron los módulos de consejería en el 90,4% de las visitas en el hogar y no se reportaron dificultades relevantes durante la implementación de estos. Al final del seguimiento se observó una tendencia a la mejoría de los estilos de vida, reducción en la frecuencia cardíaca media (78,0 a 68,3 latidos por minuto; p = 0,016), reducción en la proporción de pacientes en clase funcional III de la NYHA (20% a 7,4%; p = 0,041) y una ligera reducción en la media del índice de masa corporal (29,5 vs. 28,9; p = 0,042). Conclusiones. Un programa educativo domiciliario, diseñado para optimizar el manejo ambulatorio de la insuficiencia cardíaca y liderado por personal de salud no médico, tuvo buena aceptación y demostró ser factible de implementar en pacientes de bajos ingresos que cuentan exclusivamente con la cobertura del sistema de salud público argentino.

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          RE-AIM Planning and Evaluation Framework: Adapting to New Science and Practice With a 20-Year Review

          The RE-AIM planning and evaluation framework was conceptualized two decades ago. As one of the most frequently applied implementation frameworks, RE-AIM has now been cited in over 2,800 publications. This paper describes the application and evolution of RE-AIM as well as lessons learned from its use. RE-AIM has been applied most often in public health and health behavior change research, but increasingly in more diverse content areas and within clinical, community, and corporate settings. We discuss challenges of using RE-AIM while encouraging a more pragmatic use of key dimensions rather than comprehensive applications of all elements. Current foci of RE-AIM include increasing the emphasis on cost and adaptations to programs and expanding the use of qualitative methods to understand “how” and “why” results came about. The framework will continue to evolve to focus on contextual and explanatory factors related to RE-AIM outcomes, package RE-AIM for use by non-researchers, and integrate RE-AIM with other pragmatic and reporting frameworks.
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            The FRAME: an expanded framework for reporting adaptations and modifications to evidence-based interventions

            Background This paper describes the process and results of a refinement of a framework to characterize modifications to interventions. The original version did not fully capture several aspects of modification and adaptation that may be important to document and report. Additionally, the earlier framework did not include a way to differentiate cultural adaptation from adaptations made for other reasons. Reporting additional elements will allow for a more precise understanding of modifications, the process of modifying or adapting, and the relationship between different forms of modification and subsequent health and implementation outcomes. Discussion We employed a multifaceted approach to develop the updated FRAME involving coding documents identified through a literature review, rapid coding of qualitative interviews, and a refinement process informed by multiple stakeholders. The updated FRAME expands upon Stirman et al.’s original framework by adding components of modification to report: (1) when and how in the implementation process the modification was made, (2) whether the modification was planned/proactive (i.e., an adaptation) or unplanned/reactive, (3) who determined that the modification should be made, (4) what is modified, (5) at what level of delivery the modification is made, (6) type or nature of context or content-level modifications, (7) the extent to which the modification is fidelity-consistent, and (8) the reasons for the modification, including (a) the intent or goal of the modification (e.g., to reduce costs) and (b) contextual factors that influenced the decision. Methods of using the framework to assess modifications are outlined, along with their strengths and weaknesses, and considerations for research to validate these measurement strategies. Conclusion The updated FRAME includes consideration of when and how modifications occurred, whether it was planned or unplanned, relationship to fidelity, and reasons and goals for modification. This tool that can be used to support research on the timing, nature, goals and reasons for, and impact of modifications to evidence-based interventions.
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              The causes, treatment, and outcome of acute heart failure in 1006 Africans from 9 countries.

              Acute heart failure (AHF) in sub-Saharan Africa has not been well characterized. Therefore, we sought to describe the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients admitted with AHF in sub-Saharan Africa. The Sub-Saharan Africa Survey of Heart Failure (THESUS-HF) was a prospective, multicenter, observational survey of patients with AHF admitted to 12 university hospitals in 9 countries. Among patients presenting with AHF, we determined the causes, treatment, and outcomes during 6 months of follow-up. From July 1, 2007, to June 30, 2010, we enrolled 1006 patients presenting with AHF. Mean (SD) age was 52.3 (18.3) years, 511 (50.8%) were women, and the predominant race was black African (984 of 999 [98.5%]). Mean (SD) left ventricular ejection fraction was 39.5% (16.5%). Heart failure was most commonly due to hypertension (n = 453 [45.4%]) and rheumatic heart disease (n = 143 [14.3%]). Ischemic heart disease (n = 77 [7.7%]) was not a common cause of AHF. Concurrent renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate, <30 mL/min/173 m(2)), diabetes mellitus, anemia (hemoglobin level, <10 g/dL), and atrial fibrillation were found in 73 (7.7%), 114 (11.4%), 147 (15.2%), and 184 cases (18.3%), respectively; 65 of 500 patients undergoing testing (13.0%) were seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus. The median hospital stay was 7 days (interquartile range, 5-10), with an in-hospital mortality of 4.2%. Estimated 180-day mortality was 17.8% (95% CI, 15.4%-20.6%). Most patients were treated with renin-angiotensin system blockers but not β-blockers at discharge. Hydralazine hydrochloride and nitrates were rarely used. In African patients, AHF has a predominantly nonischemic cause, most commonly hypertension. The condition occurs in middle-aged adults, equally in men and women, and is associated with high mortality. The outcome is similar to that observed in non-African AHF registries, suggesting that AHF has a dire prognosis globally, regardless of the cause.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                apcyccv
                Archivos peruanos de cardiología y cirugía cardiovascular
                Arch Peru Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc
                Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR- EsSALUD (Lima, , Peru )
                2708-7212
                October 2024
                : 5
                : 4
                : 215-225
                Affiliations
                [1] Buenos Aires orgnameInstitute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS) orgdiv1Department of Research in Chronic Diseases Argentina
                [2] Buenos Aires orgnameenter for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIESP-CONICET) Argentina
                [3] Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires Buenos Aires orgnameUniversidad de Buenos Aires Argentina
                [4] Buenos Aires orgnameHospital San Juan de Dios Argentina
                [5] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Cardiovascular Buenos Aires (ICBA) Argentina
                [6] Santander Santander orgnameUniversidad de Santander orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones Masira Colombia
                [7] Mexico city orgnameInstituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez orgdiv1Clinical Hospitalization Department Mexico
                [8] Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara orgnameThe Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine The
                [9] Ile, Ife Osun orgnameObafemi Awolowo University orgdiv1College of Health Sciences orgdiv2Department of Medical Rehabilitation Nigeria
                [10] orgnameUniversity College London orgdiv1Institute of Health Informatics United Kingdom
                [11] Santa Fe orgnameSanatorio Esperanza Argentina
                [12] Manipal orgnameManipal Academy of Higher Education orgdiv2Department of Physiotherapy India
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3339-2421
                https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2799-9395
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3999-1265
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-4320
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9372-6817
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8865-0929
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-1090
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5309-5611
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8583-9467
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9241-3555
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-1987
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-0137
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6100-1862
                https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2989-8528
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-4905
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3859-7899
                Article
                S2708-72122024000400215 S2708-7212(24)00500400215
                10.47487/apcyccv.v5i4.432
                4c6544d3-31aa-4dcd-8545-dfe35b12f80c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 October 2024
                : 02 December 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 55, Pages: 11
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                SciELO Peru

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                Original articles

                Ciencia de la Implementación,Atención Ambulatoria,Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento,Heart Failure,Community Health Workers,Implementation Science,Ambulatory Care,Treatment Adherence and Compliance,Argentina,Insuficiencia Cardíaca,Agentes Comunitarios de Salud

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