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      Emotional experience and its biological underpinnings: improving emotional well-being through vagal tone Translated title: Experiencia emocional y sus fundamentos biológicos: mejorando el estado emocional a través del tono vagal

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          Abstract

          Abstract The main objective of this study is to present knowledge on the biological underpinnings of emotional experience and on the possibility of improving emotional well-being by increasing vagal tone. Vagal tone is considered an indicator of emotional experience. An emotional experience is conceived as a dynamic process in which an emotional reaction and the ability to regulate the emotional reaction interact. Through heart rate variability biofeedback interventions focusing on breathing and through transauricular vagus nerve stimulation, it is possible to increase the vagal tone in a way that improves the emotional state.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el de recopilar conocimiento sobre la base de los fundamentos biológicos de la experiencia emocional y sobre la posibilidad de mejora del bienestar emocional a través del aumento del tono vagal. El tono vagal es considerado un indicador de la experiencia emocional. Y la experiencia emocional es concebida como un proceso dinámico donde interaccionan la propia reacción emocional y la capacidad de regular la reacción emocional. Mediante las intervenciones en biorretroalimentación de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca centradas en la respiración y mediante la neuroestimulación transauricular del nervio vago es posible aumentar el tono vagal de forma que se mejora el estado emocional.

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          Most cited references72

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          Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review.

          We examined the relationships between six emotion-regulation strategies (acceptance, avoidance, problem solving, reappraisal, rumination, and suppression) and symptoms of four psychopathologies (anxiety, depression, eating, and substance-related disorders). We combined 241 effect sizes from 114 studies that examined the relationships between dispositional emotion regulation and psychopathology. We focused on dispositional emotion regulation in order to assess patterns of responding to emotion over time. First, we examined the relationship between each regulatory strategy and psychopathology across the four disorders. We found a large effect size for rumination, medium to large for avoidance, problem solving, and suppression, and small to medium for reappraisal and acceptance. These results are surprising, given the prominence of reappraisal and acceptance in treatment models, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance-based treatments, respectively. Second, we examined the relationship between each regulatory strategy and each of the four psychopathology groups. We found that internalizing disorders were more consistently associated with regulatory strategies than externalizing disorders. Lastly, many of our analyses showed that whether the sample came from a clinical or normative population significantly moderated the relationships. This finding underscores the importance of adopting a multi-sample approach to the study of psychopathology. Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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            Emotion Regulation: Current Status and Future Prospects

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              Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pappsicol
                Papeles del Psicólogo
                Pap. Psicol.
                Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0214-7823
                1886-1415
                August 2023
                : 44
                : 2
                : 95-101
                Affiliations
                [1] País Vasco orgnameUniversidad del País Vasco Spain
                Article
                S0214-78232023000200006 S0214-7823(23)04400200006
                10.23923/pap.psicol.3016
                4cc8cbd0-20ae-4531-9043-234cfafcef15

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 July 2022
                : 30 December 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 72, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Articles

                Emotion,Vagal tone,Biological underpinnings,Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca,Tono vagal,Fundamentos biológicos,Emoción,Heart rate variability

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