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      Nursing Students’ Perceptions and Experiences of Using Virtual Simulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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          Abstract

          Background

          This study aimed to understand pre-licensure nursing students’ perceptions and experiences of using virtual simulation as an alternative to clinical practice during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in South Korea.

          Methods

          A total of 20 students from a 4-year baccalaureate nursing program participated in this descriptive qualitative study. Six focus group interviews using Zoom video communications were conducted with three to four participants to understand their experiences. Data were analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach.

          Results

          The following three major themes emerged: (a) difficulties encountered in using virtual simulation, (b) benefits to student confidence and competence to provide patient-centered care, and (c) gaps in satisfaction due to needed improvements.

          Conclusion

          Virtual simulation could be beneficial for improving pre-licensure nursing students’ confidence and competence; however, improvements to virtual simulation realism and engagement are needed to maximize user satisfaction and performance.

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          Virtual Simulation in Nursing Education: A Systematic Review Spanning 1996 to 2018

          Cynthia L Foronda, Margo Fernandez-Burgos, Catherine Nadeau … (2020)
          As virtual simulation is burgeoning, faculty and administrators are asking for evidence of its effectiveness. The objective of this systematic review was to identify how virtual simulation impacts nursing student learning outcomes. Applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, 80 studies were reviewed. Results indicate that most research (n = 69, 86%) supported virtual simulation as an effective pedagogy to support learning outcomes while highlighting gaps and areas of bias. Adding search terms could have expanded the findings. The body of evidence supports virtual simulation as an effective pedagogy. Future studies should use more robust research designs, prioritize curricular integration of virtual simulation, and determine best practices in virtual simulation methodology.
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            Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Nursing Education: Meta-Analysis

            Feng-Qin Chen, Yu-Fei Leng, Jian-Feng Ge … (2020)
            Background Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to create an interactive three-dimensional (3D) world, which gives users a sense of spatial presence. In nursing education, VR has been used to help optimize teaching and learning processes. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of VR in nursing education in the areas of knowledge, skills, satisfaction, confidence, and performance time. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of VR in nursing education based on the Cochrane methodology. An electronic literature search using the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), up to December 2019 was conducted to identify studies that reported the effectiveness of VR on knowledge, skills, satisfaction, confidence, and performance time. The study selection and data extraction were carried out by two independent reviewers. The methodological quality of the selected studies was determined using the Cochrane criteria for risk-of-bias assessment. Results A total of 12 studies, including 821 participants, were selected for the final analysis. We found that VR was more effective than the control conditions in improving knowledge (standard mean difference [SMD]=0.58, 95% CI 0.41-0.75, P<.001, I2 =47%). However, there was no difference between VR and the control conditions in skills (SMD=0.01, 95% CI –0.24 to 0.26, P=.93, I2 =37%), satisfaction (SMD=0.01, 95% CI –0.79 to 0.80, P=.99, I2 =86%), confidence (SMD=0.00, 95% CI –0.28 to 0.27, P=.99, I2 =0%), and performance time (SMD=–0.55, 95% CI –2.04 to 0.94, P=.47, I2 =97%). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that VR can effectively improve knowledge in nursing education, but it was not more effective than other education methods in areas of skills, satisfaction, confidence, and performance time. Further rigorous studies with a larger sample size are warranted to confirm these results.
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              The use of virtual reality simulation among nursing students and registered nurses: A systematic review

              Shefaly Shorey, Esperanza Debby Ng (2021)
              Article 0 comments Cited 38 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Clin Simul Nurs
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Clin Simul Nurs
                Title: Clinical Simulation in Nursing
                Publisher: Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning.
                ISSN (Print): 1876-1399
                ISSN (Electronic): 1876-1402
                Publication date PMC-release: 6 July 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 6 July 2021
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Nursing, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea, 70 Hannamro, Daedeok-Gu Daejeon 34430, Korea
                [b ]Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Korea
                [c ]School of Nursing at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence Author: Hee Sun Kang, Professor, Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974 Seoul, Korea
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S1876-1399(21)00080-3
                DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2021.06.010
                PMC ID: 8257426
                PubMed ID: 34249183
                SO-VID: 4d5191b6-6183-4f6b-b25a-a5229380806f
                Copyright © © 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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                Subject: Featured Article

                Keywords: content analysis,experience,nursing students,virtual nursing care,virtual simulation
                Data availability:
                Keywords: content analysis, experience, nursing students, virtual nursing care, virtual simulation

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