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      Medida de la precariedad laboral en Centroamérica: propiedades psicométricas en base a la II Encuesta Centroamericana de Condiciones de Trabajo y Salud Translated title: Precarious employment Measurement in Central America: psychometric properties based on the II Central American Survey of Working Conditions and Health

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Establecer las propiedades psicométricas de una medida de Precariedad Laboral (PL) en seis países centroamericanos de habla española (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua y Panamá) mediante un conjunto de ítems incluidos en la II Encuesta Centroamericana de Condiciones de Trabajo y Salud (II ECCTS) de 2018 que se correspondían con ítems de la Escala de Precariedad Laboral (EPRES). Método: A partir de una muestra de 3.782 personas asalariadas de 18 años o más, formales e informales, en la II ECCTS, se construyó una medida de PL de 10 ítems representando tres dimensiones (temporalidad, derechos y ejercicio de derechos), además del salario como variable observada. Resultados: La muestra estuvo compuesta en su mayoría por hombres, con contrato permanente, con antigüedad laboral de entre 2 a 5 años, un salario entre 301 a 500 dólares, que reportaban tener derechos laborales y ejercerlos. El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio corroboró la estructura de la escala (RMSEA 0,07; SRMR = 0,05; CFI = 0,96 y TLI = 0,94). Se observó una alta aceptabilidad de medida de PL y los coeficientes de Alpha de Cronbach de las dimensiones fueron >0,59 excepto para temporalidad (0,30). La confiabilidad de la escala fue de 0,68, demostró ser sensible y los patrones de PL en mujeres, jóvenes, temporales y países con menores ingresos fueron los esperados. Conclusiones: La medida de PL construida a partir de ítems disponibles de la escala EPRES en el cuestionario de la II ECCTS evidencia propiedades psicométricas aceptables para aproximarnos a la cuantificación epidemiológica de la PL en Centroamérica.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of a measure of Employment Precariousness (EP) in six Spanish-speaking Central American countries (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama) consisting of items from in the Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) included in the 2018 II Central American Survey of Working Conditions and Health (II ECCTS). Methods: The study sample consisted of 3782 salaried persons, age 18 years and older, both formal and informal, who participated in the II ECCTS. We constructed a 10-item EP measure was constructed, grouped into three dimensions (temporality, labor rights, and exercise of these rights), in addition to salary as an observed variable. Results: The sample was composed mostly of men, with a permanent contract, a working age of between 2 to 5 years, a salary between $301 and $500, who have labor rights and who exercise them. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis corroborated the structure of the scale (RMSEA 0.07, SRMR = 0.05, CFI = 0.96 and TLI = 0.94). The EP measure had high acceptability, and the Cronbach alpha coefficients of the dimensions were between 0.59 and 0.72, except for temporality (0.30). The reliability of the full scale was 0.68, was sensitive and the EP profiles in women, youth, temporary workers and lower income countries were as expected. Conclusions: The EP measure constructed from the items available in the EPRES scale used in the II ECCTS questionnaire shows acceptable psychometric properties for epidemiological quantification of precarious employment in Central America.

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          A RATIONALE AND TEST FOR THE NUMBER OF FACTORS IN FACTOR ANALYSIS.

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            Starting at the beginning: an introduction to coefficient alpha and internal consistency.

            Cronbach's a is the most widely used index of the reliability of a scale. However, its use and interpretation can be subject to a number of errors. This article discusses the historical development of a from other indexes of internal consistency (split-half reliability and Kuder-Richardson 20) and discusses four myths associated with a: (a) that it is a fixed property of the scale, (b) that it measures only the internal consistency of the scale, (c) that higher values are always preferred over lower ones, and (d) that it is restricted to the range of 0 to 1. It provides some recommendations for acceptable values of a in different situations.
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              Precarious employment: understanding an emerging social determinant of health.

              Employment precariousness is a social determinant that affects the health of workers, families, and communities. Its recent popularity has been spearheaded by three main developments: the surge in "flexible employment" and its associated erosion of workers' employment and working conditions since the mid-1970s; the growing interest in social determinants of health, including employment conditions; and the availability of new data and information systems. This article identifies the historical, economic, and political factors that link precarious employment to health and health equity; reviews concepts, models, instruments, and findings on precarious employment and health inequalities; summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of this literature; and highlights substantive and methodological challenges that need to be addressed. We identify two crucial future aims: to provide a compelling research program that expands our understanding of employment precariousness and to develop and evaluate policy programs that effectively put an end to its health-related impacts.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                aprl
                Archivos de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales
                Arch Prev Riesgos Labor
                Societat Catalana de Salut Laboral y Asociación de Medicina del Trabajo de la Comunidad Valenciana (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1578-2549
                September 2022
                : 25
                : 3
                : 310-328
                Affiliations
                [3] Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción Chile
                [6] San Antonio Texas orgnameTexas Health and Science University orgdiv1School of Public Health in San Antonio orgdiv2Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences United States
                [1] Barcelona Cataluña orgnameUniversitat Pompeu Fabra orgdiv1Centro de Investigación en Salud Laboral (CiSAL) orgdiv2IMIM-PSMar Spain
                [5] Barcelona orgnameCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública España
                [7] orgnameUniversidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica
                [2] Esplugues de Llobregat orgnameInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD) orgdiv1PRISMA research group Spain
                [4] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Departamento de Salud Pública Chile
                Article
                S1578-25492022000300310 S1578-2549(22)02500300310
                10.12961/aprl.2022.25.03.07
                4d97c0ec-3c5f-41b1-932a-45e62325e483

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 May 2022
                : 23 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 19
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Centroamérica,Central America,Employment Precariousness,Psychometric Properties,Occupational Health,Precariedad Laboral,Propiedades Psicométricas,Salud Laboral

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