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      Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension after Childhood Cancer Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation

      case-report

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          Abstract

          According to the Third World Symposium on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), chemotherapy is considered to be one of the possible risk factors for patients developing PAH. However, to date, no literature has sufficiently addressed the risk, natural history, and effective treatment of this condition. We report our experience on how early diagnosis, detailed monitoring of disease course, and appropriate treatment application have led to a successful outcome of PAH management in childhood after cancer therapy. Our report reaffirmed the fact that PAH is now a recognized complication of chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation for leukemia. Combined pulmonary vasodilator treatment has a beneficial effect in improving the patient’s condition and functional status as suggested by initial acute pulmonary vasodilator testing.

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          Long-term response to calcium channel blockers in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

          Olivier Sitbon, Marc Humbert, Xavier Jaïs … (2005)
          Characteristics of patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) who benefit from long-term calcium channel blockers (CCB) are unknown. Acute pulmonary vasodilator testing with epoprostenol or nitric oxide was performed in 557 IPAH patients. Acute responders, defined by a fall in both mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >20%, received long-term oral CCB. Patients who benefit from long-term CCB were defined as those being in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I or II after at least 1 year on CCB monotherapy. Among the 70 patients who displayed acute pulmonary vasoreactivity (12.6%; 95% CI, 9.8% to 15.3%) and received CCB therapy, only 38 showed long-term improvement (6.8%; 95% CI, 4.7% to 8.9%). Long-term CCB responders had less severe disease at baseline than patients who failed. During acute vasodilator testing, long-term CCB responders displayed a more pronounced fall in mean PAP (-39+/-11% versus -26+/-7%; P<0.0001), reaching an absolute value of mean PAP lower than that measured in patients who failed (33+/-8 versus 46+/-10 mm Hg; P<0.0001). After 7.0+/-4.1 years, all but 1 long-term CCB responders were alive in NYHA class I or II, with a sustained hemodynamic improvement. In the group of patients who failed on CCB, the 5-year survival rate was 48%. Long-term CCB responders represent <10% of IPAH patients evaluated in a pulmonary vascular referral center. During acute vasodilator testing, these patients showed significantly lower levels of both mean PAP and PVR, which reached near-normal values.
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            Clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension.

            Gerald Simonneau, Nazzareno Galiè, Lewis Rubin … (2004)
            In 1998, during the Second World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) held in Evian, France, a clinical classification of PH was proposed. The aim of the Evian classification was to individualize different categories sharing similarities in pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation, and therapeutic options. The Evian classification is now well accepted and widely used in clinical practice, especially in specialized centers. In addition, this classification has been used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Agency for Drug Evaluation for the labeling of newly approved medications in PH. In 2003, during the Third World Symposium on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension held in Venice, Italy, it was decided to maintain the general architecture and philosophy of the Evian classification. However, some modifications have been proposed, mainly to abandon the term "primary pulmonary hypertension" and to replace it with "idiopathic pulmonary hypertension"; to reclassify pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis; to update risk factors and associated conditions for pulmonary arterial hypertension and to propose guidelines in order to improve the classification of congenital systemic-to-pulmonary shunts.
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              A comparison of the acute hemodynamic effects of inhaled nitric oxide and aerosolized iloprost in primary pulmonary hypertension

              Marius Hoeper, Horst Olschewski, Hossein Ghofrani … (2000)
              Article 0 comments Cited 20 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): CRD
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cardiology
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0008-6312
                Title: Cardiology
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 0008-6312
                ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9751
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2006
                Publication date (Print): March 2006
                Publication date (Electronic): 03 April 2006
                Volume: 105
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 188-194
                Affiliations
                aDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, and bDivision of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, and cDepartment of Pathology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
                Article
                Publisher ID: 91638 Other ID: Cardiology 2006;105:188–194
                DOI: 10.1159/000091638
                PubMed ID: 16493196
                SO-VID: 4dfb93b1-4a51-4d55-8383-0437f520bdfe
                Copyright © © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 17 October 2005
                Date accepted : 15 December 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 4, References: 17, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: General medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Internal medicine,Nephrology
                Keywords: Pulmonary arterial hypertension,Childhood cancer therapy,Bone marrow transplantation
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: General medicine, Neurology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Internal medicine, Nephrology
                Keywords: Pulmonary arterial hypertension, Childhood cancer therapy, Bone marrow transplantation

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