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      Prevalência de obesidade em crianças de uma escola pública e de um ambulatório geral de Pediatria de hospital universitário Translated title: Obesity prevalence among students of a public school and a Pediatric out-patient clinic of a university hospital

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre atividade física e características socioeconômicas com a presença de obesidade e/ou sobrepeso em crianças de seis a 14 anos, escolares da Escola Sérgio Porto e pacientes que procuraram o Ambulatório de Pediatria no Hospital de Clínicas (HC), ambos no campus da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado por meio da aplicação de questionário aos pais ou responsáveis e coleta de dados de peso e altura das crianças. Foi calculado o índice de massa corpórea (IMC), e feita a classificação em normal, sobrepeso ou obesidade, a partir dos dados do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), dos Estados Unidos. Foi feita análise descritiva dos dados e utilizados os testes do qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher. RESULTADOS: A amostra ambulatorial foi composta por 107 crianças (13,1% com sobrepeso e 11,2% obesas) e a escolar de 109 (16,5% com sobrepeso e 20,2% obesas). Não foi observada diferença significante entre a prevalência de obesidade ou de obesidade e sobrepeso entre as duas amostras, apesar de as amostras serem diferentes em relação à renda mensal (p<0,0001), escolaridade materna (p<0,0001) e atividade física (p<0,0001), sendo que a população ambulatorial apresentou menores índices nestas três variáveis, comparada à escolar. CONCLUSÕES: Os índices de sobrepeso e obesidade encontrados no presente estudo foram elevados, confirmando que houve a transição nutricional em ambas as amostras, de maneira similar à observada no resto do nosso país, independentemente do sexo, da classificação socioeconômica e da atividade física.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify the association between physical activity and socio-economic status with the presence of obesity and/or overweight in children aged six to 14 years of two different sources: an elementary school and an out-patient Pediatric clinic of one university hospital of Campinas, São Paulo. METHODS: A socio-demographic questionnaire was answered by parents and the evaluation of children's weight and height was performed according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA, standards for body mass index (BMI) The children were divided in three categories: normal, overweight and obese. Chi-square and Fisher exact test were used to compare both groups of children. RESULTS: 107 children from the university hospital were studied (13.1% with overweight and 11.2% obese) as well as 109 from the elementary school (16.5% overweight and 20.2% obese). Both groups were similar regarding the prevalence of obesity alone or obesity and overweight. Groups differed in family income (p<0.0001), number of maternal years in school (p<0.0001) and physical activity (p<0.0001), with disadvantage of the clinic patients. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of overweight and obesity observed in this study were high, pointing out that a nutritional transition has occurred in both samples independently of gender, socio-economic status and physical activity.

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          Obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in children: an American Heart Association scientific statement from the Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the Young Committee (Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young) and the Diabetes Committee (Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism).

          , , R. Daniels (2003)
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            Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Infants to Age 20 Years

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              Television viewing and change in body fat from preschool to early adolescence: The Framingham Children's Study.

              To prospectively examine the relation between television watching and body fat change in children from preschool to early adolescence. In a longitudinal study, 106 children were enrolled during preschool years (mean age 4.0 y) and followed into early adolescence (mean age 11.1 y). Parents completed an annual questionnaire on the child's television and video habits. Body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfolds, and sum of five skinfolds were recorded yearly at annual clinic visits. Longitudinal statistical analyses were carried out using mixed modeling procedures to control for potential confounding by a number of factors. Television watching was an independent predictor of the change in the child's BMI, triceps, and sum of five skinfolds throughout childhood. Its effect was only slightly attenuated by controlling for the baseline body fat, level of physical activity (as measured repeatedly by Caltrac accelerometer), percent of calories from fat, total calorie intake, or the parents' BMI or education. By age 11, children who watched 3.0 h or more of television per day had a mean sum of skinfolds of 106.2 mm, compared with a mean sum of skinfolds of 76.5 mm for those who watched less than 1.75 h per day (P=0.007). Furthermore, the adverse effect of television viewing was worse for those children who were also sedentary or had a higher-fat diet. Children who watched the most television during childhood had the greatest increase in body fat over time. Healthy lifestyle education designed to prevent obesity and its consequences should target television-watching habits of children.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rpp
                Revista Paulista de Pediatria
                Rev. paul. pediatr.
                Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0103-0582
                1984-0462
                December 2007
                : 25
                : 4
                : 305-310
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameUnicamp orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências Médicas orgdiv2Departamento de Pediatria
                [04] Campinas SP orgnameUnicamp orgdiv1FCM Brasil
                [03] orgnameHospital de Clínicas
                [01] Campinas SP orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Campinas Brasil
                Article
                S0103-05822007000400002 S0103-0582(07)02500402
                10.1590/S0103-05822007000400002
                4e3f268f-5747-4fa8-af64-4da9e2d9201d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 March 2007
                : 20 August 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

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                Artigos Originais

                obesidade,atividade física,criança,prevalência,child,motor activity,obesity,prevalence

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